INRA, UMR1079 Systèmes d'Élevage Nutrition Animale et Humaine, F-35590 Saint-Gilles, France.
Animal. 2011 Aug;5(10):1605-12. doi: 10.1017/S175173111100067X.
Colostrum intake from birth to 24 h after the onset of parturition (T24) was estimated for 526 piglets from 40 litters. Plasma concentrations of immunoglobulin G (IgG), lactate, glucose and cortisol were determined at T24 for six piglets per litter. Plasma IgG concentration was also assayed at weaning (28 days) on the same piglets. Rectal temperature was measured at T24 on all piglets. Mortality was recorded until weaning and comparisons were made between piglets that died before weaning and those that were still alive at weaning. The piglets that died before weaning had lower birth weight, lower colostrum intake, lower weight gain between birth and T24, and had a lower rectal temperature, higher plasma cortisol concentration and lower plasma IgG and glucose concentrations at T24 than piglets still alive at weaning. In addition, a higher proportion of piglets that died before weaning had difficulty taking their first breath after birth and were affected by splayleg. Considering all piglets, colostrum intake was positively related to rectal temperature and plasma glucose concentration and negatively related to plasma cortisol concentration at T24. Plasma IgG concentration at T24 was explained by colostrum intake, IgG concentration in the ingested colostrum, birth weight and birth rank (P<0.0001). Plasma IgG concentration at weaning was related to plasma IgG concentration at T24 (r=0.54; P<0.0001) and to colostrum intake (r=0.32; P<0.0001). Finally, body weight was explained by colostrum intake, birth weight and age until 6 weeks of age (P<0.0001). These results show that colostrum intake is the main determinant of piglet survival through provision of energy and immune protection and has potential long-term effects on piglet growth and immunity.
从分娩后 24 小时（T24）起，对来自 40 窝的 526 头仔猪的初乳摄入量进行了估计。每窝 6 头仔猪的 T24 时测定了血浆免疫球蛋白 G（IgG）、乳酸、葡萄糖和皮质醇浓度。同一窝仔猪在断奶（28 天）时还测定了血浆 IgG 浓度。T24 时所有仔猪的直肠温度均进行了测量。记录了断奶前的死亡率，并对断奶前死亡的仔猪和仍存活到断奶的仔猪进行了比较。断奶前死亡的仔猪出生体重较低，初乳摄入量较低，出生至 T24 期间体重增加较低，T24 时直肠温度较低，血浆皮质醇浓度较高，血浆 IgG 和葡萄糖浓度较低。此外，断奶前死亡的仔猪中，有较高比例的仔猪在出生后第一次呼吸时存在困难，并且受到八字腿的影响。考虑到所有仔猪，T24 时的初乳摄入量与直肠温度和血浆葡萄糖浓度呈正相关，与血浆皮质醇浓度呈负相关。T24 时的血浆 IgG 浓度可由初乳摄入量、摄入初乳的 IgG 浓度、出生体重和出生顺位解释（P<0.0001）。断奶时的血浆 IgG 浓度与 T24 时的血浆 IgG 浓度（r=0.54；P<0.0001）和初乳摄入量（r=0.32；P<0.0001）相关。最后，体重可由初乳摄入量、出生体重和 6 周龄前的年龄解释（P<0.0001）。这些结果表明，初乳摄入量是通过提供能量和免疫保护来决定仔猪存活的主要因素，对仔猪的生长和免疫力具有潜在的长期影响。
