Department of Internal Medicine, Israelitic Hospital, Academic Hospital University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria.
Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2021 Jun;33(6):e14172. doi: 10.1111/nmo.14172. Epub 2021 May 17.
C-gastric emptying breath tests ( C-GEBT) are validated, reliable, and non-invasive tools for measurement of gastric emptying (GE) velocity of solids and liquids without radiation exposure or risk of toxicity. They are recommended and routinely used for clinical purposes in adult as well as pediatric patients and can be readily performed onsite or even at the patient's home. However, the underlying methodology is rather complex and test results can be influenced by dietary factors, physical activity, concurrent diseases, and medication. Moreover, epidemiological factors can influence gastric emptying as well as production and exhalation of CO , which is the ultimate metabolic product measured for all C-breath tests. Accordingly, in this issue of Neurogastroenterology & Motility, Kovacic et al. report performance of the C-Spirulina breath test in a large group of healthy children and show significant effects of gender, pubertal status, and body size on test results. The purpose of this mini-review is to evaluate the clinical use of C-GEBT in adults and children, exploring available protocols, analytical methods, and essential prerequisites for test performance, as well as the role of GE measurements in the light of the current discussion on relevance of delayed GE for symptom generation.
C-胃排空呼吸试验（C-GEBT）是一种经过验证的、可靠的、非侵入性工具，可用于测量固体和液体的胃排空（GE）速度，无需辐射暴露或毒性风险。它们在成人和儿科患者的临床中都得到了推荐和常规使用，并且可以在现场甚至在患者家中进行。然而，其基础方法相当复杂，并且测试结果可能会受到饮食因素、体力活动、并发疾病和药物的影响。此外，流行病学因素也会影响胃排空以及 CO 的产生和呼出，而 CO 是所有 C 呼吸测试中测量的最终代谢产物。因此，在本期《神经胃肠病学与动力学期刊》中，Kovacic 等人报告了 C-螺旋藻呼吸试验在一大群健康儿童中的表现，并显示出性别、青春期状态和体型对测试结果的显著影响。本迷你综述的目的是评估 C-GEBT 在成人和儿童中的临床应用，探讨现有的方案、分析方法和测试性能的基本前提，以及胃排空测量在当前关于胃排空延迟与症状产生相关性的讨论中的作用。
