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增材制造奥氏体不锈钢中的非氧化物析出物

Non-oxide precipitates in additively manufactured austenitic stainless steel.

作者信息

Upadhyay Manas Vijay, Slama Meriem Ben Haj, Gaudez Steve, Mohanan Nikhil, Yedra Lluis, Hallais Simon, Héripré Eva, Tanguy Alexandre

机构信息

Laboratoire de Mécanique des Solides (LMS), CNRS UMR 7649, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128, Palaiseau, France.

Laboratoire de Mécanique des Sols, Structures et Matériaux (MSSMat), CNRS UMR 8579, CentraleSupélec, Université Paris-Saclay, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.

出版信息

Sci Rep. 2021 May 17;11(1):10393. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-89873-2.

DOI:10.1038/s41598-021-89873-2
PMID:34001968
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8128905/
Abstract

Precipitates in an austenitic stainless steel fabricated via any Additive Manufacturing (AM), or 3D printing, technique have been widely reported to be only Mn-Si-rich oxides. However, via Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) studies on a 316L stainless steel, we show that non-oxide precipitates (intermetallics, sulfides, phosphides and carbides) can also form when the steel is fabricated via Laser Metal Deposition (LMD)-a directed energy deposition-type AM technique. An investigation into their origin is conducted with support from precipitation kinetics and finite element heat transfer simulations. It reveals that non-oxide precipitates form during solidification/cooling at temperatures ≥ 0.75T (melting point) and temperature rates ≤ 10 K/s, which is the upper end of the maximum rates encountered during LMD but lower than those encountered during Selective Laser Melting (SLM)-a powder-bed type AM technique. Consequently, non-oxide precipitates should form during LMD, as reported in this work, but not during SLM, in consistency with existing literature.

摘要

通过任何增材制造（AM）技术或3D打印技术制造的奥氏体不锈钢中的析出物，已被广泛报道仅为富锰硅氧化物。然而，通过对316L不锈钢的透射电子显微镜（TEM）研究，我们发现当通过激光金属沉积（LMD）——一种定向能量沉积型增材制造技术制造该钢时，也会形成非氧化物析出物（金属间化合物、硫化物、磷化物和碳化物）。在析出动力学和有限元传热模拟的支持下，对它们的起源进行了研究。结果表明，非氧化物析出物在凝固/冷却过程中，在温度≥0.75T（熔点）且降温速率≤10K/s时形成，这是激光金属沉积过程中遇到的最大速率的上限，但低于选择性激光熔化（SLM）——一种粉末床型增材制造技术过程中遇到的速率。因此，如本工作所报道，非氧化物析出物应在激光金属沉积过程中形成，但在选择性激光熔化过程中不会形成，这与现有文献一致。

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Additively manufactured hierarchical stainless steels with high strength and ductility.具有高强度和延展性的增材制造梯度不锈钢。
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