Croucher T, Vaccaro J A
Centre for Quantum Dynamics, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia.
Phys Rev E. 2021 Apr;103(4-1):042140. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.103.042140.
Thermodynamics with multiple conserved quantities offers a promising direction for designing novel devices. For example, Vaccaro and Barnett's [J. A. Vaccaro and S. M. Barnett, Proc. R. Soc. A 467, 1770 (2011)1364-502110.1098/rspa.2010.0577; S. M. Barnett and J. A. Vaccaro, Entropy 15, 4956 (2013)ENTRFG1099-430010.3390/e15114956] proposed information erasure scheme, where the cost of erasure is solely in terms of a conserved quantity other than energy, allows for new kinds of heat engines. In recent work, we studied the discrete fluctuations and average bounds of the erasure cost in spin angular momentum. Here we clarify the costs in terms of the spin equivalent of work, called spinlabor, and the spin equivalent of heat, called spintherm. We show that the previously found bound on the erasure cost of γ^{-1}ln2 can be violated by the spinlabor cost, and only applies to the spintherm cost. We obtain three bounds for spinlabor for different erasure protocols and determine the one that provides the tightest bound. For completeness, we derive a generalized Jarzynski equality and probability of violation which shows that for particular protocols the probability of violation can be surprisingly large. We also derive an integral fluctuation theorem and use it to analyze the cost of information erasure using a spin reservoir.
具有多个守恒量的热力学为设计新型设备提供了一个有前景的方向。例如，瓦卡罗和巴尼特[J. A. 瓦卡罗和S. M. 巴尼特，《皇家学会学报A》467, 1770 (2011)1364 - 502110.1098/rspa.2010.0577；S. M. 巴尼特和J. A. 瓦卡罗，《熵》15, 4956 (2013)ENTRFG1099 - 430010.3390/e15114956]提出的信息擦除方案，其中擦除成本仅以能量之外的一个守恒量来衡量，这使得新型热机成为可能。在最近的工作中，我们研究了自旋角动量中擦除成本的离散涨落和平均界限。在这里，我们根据功的自旋等效量（称为自旋功）和热的自旋等效量（称为自旋热）来阐明成本。我们表明，先前发现的γ⁻¹ln2的擦除成本界限可能会被自旋功成本违反，并且仅适用于自旋热成本。对于不同的擦除协议，我们得到了自旋功的三个界限，并确定了提供最紧界限的那个。为了完整起见，我们推导了一个广义的雅津斯基等式和违反概率，这表明对于特定协议，违反概率可能会大得出奇。我们还推导了一个积分涨落定理，并用它来分析使用自旋库进行信息擦除的成本。
