University of Belgrade, Serbia.
Public Underst Sci. 2021 Aug;30(6):644-670. doi: 10.1177/09636625211011881. Epub 2021 May 18.
Even if a small portion of the population refuses vaccination due to anti-vaccination conspiracy theories or misinformation, this poses a threat to public health. We argue that addressing conspiracy theories with only corrective information is not enough. Instead, considering that they are complex narratives embedded in personal and cultural worldviews, they should be encountered with counternarratives. To identify existing narrative interventions aimed at countering anti-vaccination conspiracy theories and, more generally, map prerequisites for a narrative intervention to be successful, we present a systematic review of experimental effects of exposure to pro-vaccine narratives on a range of vaccination outcomes, based on 17 studies and 97 comparisons. We did not find any narrative interventions aimed directly at conspiracy theories. However, the review allowed us to make evidence-based recommendations for future research and for public communicators. This might help pro-vaccine communication match anti-vaccine communication in its potential to spread and go viral.
即使一小部分人因反疫苗阴谋论或错误信息而拒绝接种疫苗，这也会对公共卫生构成威胁。我们认为，仅用纠正信息来解决阴谋论是不够的。相反，由于它们是嵌入个人和文化世界观中的复杂叙述，应该用反驳性叙述来应对。为了确定现有的针对反疫苗阴谋论的叙事干预措施，并更广泛地描述叙事干预取得成功的前提条件，我们根据 17 项研究和 97 项比较，对接触支持疫苗接种的叙述以影响各种疫苗接种结果的实验效果进行了系统回顾。我们没有发现任何直接针对阴谋论的叙事干预措施。然而，这项综述为未来的研究和公共传播者提供了循证建议。这可能有助于使支持疫苗接种的传播与反疫苗接种的传播一样具有潜在的传播和病毒式传播能力。
