组蛋白去甲基化酶KDM2A：生物学功能及临床价值（综述）
Histone demethylase KDM2A: Biological functions and clinical values (Review).
作者信息
Liu Lisheng, Liu Jiangnan, Lin Qinghai
机构信息
Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Research, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China.
Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P.R. China.
出版信息
Exp Ther Med. 2021 Jul;22(1):723. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.10155. Epub 2021 May 4.
Histone lysine demethylation modification is a critical epigenetic modification. Lysine demethylase 2A (KDM2A), a Jumonji C domain-containing demethylase, demethylates the dimethylated H3 lysine 36 (H3K36) residue and exerts little or no activity on monomethylated and trimethylated H3K36 residues. KDM2A expression is regulated by several factors, such as microRNAs, and the phosphorylation of KDM2A also plays a vital role in its function. KDM2A mainly recognizes the unmethylated region of CpG islands and subsequently demethylates histone H3K36 residues. In addition, KDM2A recognizes and binds to phosphorylated proteins, and promotes their ubiquitination and degradation. KDM2A plays an important role in chromosome remodeling and gene transcription, and is involved in cell proliferation and differentiation, cell metabolism, heterochromosomal homeostasis and gene stability. Notably, KDM2A is crucial for tumorigenesis and progression. In the present review, the documented biological functions of KDM2A in physiological and pathological processes are comprehensively summarized.
组蛋白赖氨酸去甲基化修饰是一种关键的表观遗传修饰。赖氨酸去甲基化酶2A（KDM2A）是一种含Jumonji C结构域的去甲基化酶，可使二甲基化的H3赖氨酸36（H3K36）残基去甲基化，而对单甲基化和三甲基化的H3K36残基几乎没有活性。KDM2A的表达受多种因素调控，如微小RNA，并且KDM2A的磷酸化在其功能中也起着至关重要的作用。KDM2A主要识别CpG岛的未甲基化区域，随后使组蛋白H3K36残基去甲基化。此外，KDM2A识别并结合磷酸化蛋白，促进其泛素化和降解。KDM2A在染色体重塑和基因转录中起重要作用，并参与细胞增殖与分化、细胞代谢、异染色质稳态和基因稳定性。值得注意的是，KDM2A对肿瘤发生和进展至关重要。在本综述中，全面总结了KDM2A在生理和病理过程中已记录的生物学功能。
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