Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia; Institute of Experimental Cardiology, National Medical Research Centre for Cardiology, 121500 Moscow, Russia.
Institute of Experimental Cardiology, National Medical Research Centre for Cardiology, 121500 Moscow, Russia.
Mitochondrion. 2021 Jul;59:157-168. doi: 10.1016/j.mito.2021.05.001. Epub 2021 May 16.
Non-shivering thermogenesis takes place in brown and beige adipocytes and facilitates cold tolerance and acclimation. However, thermogenesis in adipose tissue also was found to be activated in metabolic overload states for fast utilization of nutrients excess. This observation spurred research interest in mechanisms of thermogenesis regulation for metabolic overload and obesity prevention. One of proposed regulators of thermogenic efficiency in adipocytes is the dynamics of mitochondria, where thermogenesis takes place. Indeed, brown and beige adipocytes exhibit fragmented round-shaped mitochondria, while white adipocytes have elongated organelles with high ATP synthesis. Mitochondrial morphology can determine uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) content, efficiency of catabolic pathways and electron transport chain, supplying thermogenesis. This review will highlight the co-regulation of mitochondrial dynamics and thermogenesis and formulate hypothetical ways for excessive nutrients burning in response to mitochondrial morphology manipulation.
非颤抖性产热发生在棕色和米色脂肪细胞中，有助于耐受寒冷和适应寒冷。然而，人们还发现脂肪组织中的产热也会在代谢过载状态下被激活，以快速利用多余的营养物质。这一观察结果激发了人们对代谢过载和肥胖预防中产热调节机制的研究兴趣。被提议调节脂肪细胞产热效率的因素之一是产热发生的线粒体动态。实际上，棕色和米色脂肪细胞表现出碎片化的圆形线粒体，而白色脂肪细胞具有具有高 ATP 合成的长形细胞器。线粒体形态可以决定解偶联蛋白 1（UCP1）的含量、分解代谢途径和电子传递链的效率，为产热提供能量。这篇综述将重点介绍线粒体动力学和产热的共同调节，并制定出假设性的方法，通过对线粒体形态的操纵来燃烧过多的营养物质。
