Perring C, Oatley K, Smith J
Laboratory of Experimental Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK.
Br J Med Psychol. 1988 Jun;61(2):167-77. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8341.1988.tb02776.x.
In everyday life, the existence of personal goals is indicated by the activities in which people are engaged, such as leisure interests, occupation and relationships. Incompatibility between goals was predicted to be one source of conflict associated with poor mental health symptoms. A series of studies using different methods (interviews and questionnaires) to measure the degree of perceived conflict in the daily activities of young and mature students and non-student adults is reported. Two forms of conflict are described - explict (between two or more activities) and implicit (the importance of the activity to the individual). The results show that younger and mature students (particularly women) show correlations between their conflict and symptom scores, unlike other survey groups. The transitional nature of the student role may create a situation where the conflict experienced by many in their everyday activities is aggravated, and which is more readily expressed by psychiatric symptoms than in other ways.
在日常生活中,个人目标的存在通过人们所从事的活动得以体现,比如休闲兴趣、职业和人际关系。目标之间的不相容被认为是与不良心理健康症状相关的冲突来源之一。本文报告了一系列研究,这些研究运用不同方法(访谈和问卷调查)来衡量青年和成年学生以及非学生成年人日常活动中感知到的冲突程度。文中描述了两种冲突形式——显性冲突(存在于两项或多项活动之间)和隐性冲突(活动对个体的重要性)。结果显示,青年和成年学生(尤其是女性)的冲突与症状得分之间存在相关性,这与其他调查群体不同。学生角色的过渡性质可能会造成一种情况,即许多人在日常活动中所经历的冲突加剧,而且相较于其他方式,这种冲突更容易通过精神症状表现出来。