Machado Álvaro S, Priego-Quesada Jose Ignacio, Jimenez-Perez Irene, Gil-Calvo Marina, Carpes Felipe Pivetta, Perez-Soriano Pedro
Applied Neuromechanics Group, Laboratory of Neuromechanics, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, Brazil.
Research Group in Sports Biomechanics (GIBD), Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Research Group in Medical Physics (GIFIME), Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
J Therm Biol. 2021 May;98:102913. doi: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2021.102913. Epub 2021 Mar 19.
Infrared thermography (IRT) has been gaining in popularity in clinical and scientific research due to the increasing availability of affordable infrared cameras. This study aims to determine the similarity of measurement performance between three models of IRT camera during assessment of skin temperature before and after physical exercise. Three models of FLIR thermographic cameras (E60bx, Flir-One Pro LT, and C2) were tested. Thermal images were taken of the foot sole, anterior leg, and anterior thigh from 12 well-trained men, before and after a 30-min run on a treadmill. Image files were blinded and processed by three evaluators to extract the mean, maximum, and standard deviation of skin temperature of the region of interest. Time for data processing and rate of perceived effort was also recorded. Data processing was slower on the E60bx (CI95% E60 vs C2 [0.2, 2.6 min], p = 0.02 and ES = 0.6); vs. Flir-One [0.0, 3.4 min], p = 0.03 and ES = 0.6) and was associated with lower effort perception (E60 3.0 ± 0.1 vs. Flir-One 5.6 ± 0.2 vs C2 7.0 ± 0.2 points; p < 0.001 and ES > 0.8). The C2 and Flir-One cameras underestimated the temperature compared with the E60. In general, measuring mean temperature provided higher camera and examiner intra-class correlations than maximum and standard deviation, especially before exercise. Moreover, post exercise mean skin temperatures provided the most consistent values across cameras and evaluators. We recommend the use of mean temperature and caution when using more than one camera model in a study.
由于价格实惠的红外热像仪越来越容易获得，红外热成像技术（IRT）在临床和科研领域越来越受欢迎。本研究旨在确定三种型号的红外热像仪在评估体育锻炼前后皮肤温度时测量性能的相似性。对三款FLIR热成像相机（E60bx、Flir-One Pro LT和C2）进行了测试。对12名训练有素的男性在跑步机上进行30分钟跑步前后的足底、小腿前部和大腿前部进行热成像拍摄。图像文件由三名评估人员进行盲法处理，以提取感兴趣区域皮肤温度的平均值、最大值和标准差。还记录了数据处理时间和主观用力程度。E60bx的数据处理速度较慢（E60与C2的95%置信区间为[0.2, 2.6分钟]，p = 0.02，效应量ES = 0.6；与Flir-One的95%置信区间为[0.0, 3.4分钟]，p = 0.03，效应量ES = 0.6），且与较低的用力感知相关（E60为3.0 ± 0.1分，Flir-One为5.6 ± 0.2分，C2为7.0 ± 0.2分；p < 0.001，效应量ES > 0.8）。与E60相比，C2和Flir-One相机低估了温度。一般来说，测量平均温度比测量最大值和标准差能提供更高的相机和检查者组内相关性，尤其是在运动前。此外，运动后平均皮肤温度在不同相机和评估人员之间提供了最一致的值。我们建议在研究中使用平均温度，并在使用多种相机型号时谨慎行事。
