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来自德克萨斯州阿灵顿恐龙遗迹点的早白垩世似鳄龟。

An early bothremydid from the Arlington Archosaur Site of Texas.

机构信息

Department of Anatomy, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, USA.

Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Parkside, Kenosha, WI, USA.

出版信息

Sci Rep. 2021 May 20;11(1):9555. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-88905-1.

DOI:10.1038/s41598-021-88905-1
PMID:34017016
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8137945/
Abstract

Four turtle taxa are previously documented from the Cenomanian Arlington Archosaur Site (AAS) of the Lewisville Formation (Woodbine Group) in Texas. Herein, we describe a new side-necked turtle (Pleurodira), Pleurochayah appalachius gen. et sp. nov., which is a basal member of the Bothremydidae. Pleurochayah appalachius gen. et sp. nov. shares synapomorphic characters with other bothremydids, including shared traits with Kurmademydini and Cearachelyini, but has a unique combination of skull and shell traits. The new taxon is significant because it is the oldest crown pleurodiran turtle from North America and Laurasia, predating bothremynines Algorachelus peregrinus and Paiutemys tibert from Europe and North America respectively. This discovery also documents the oldest evidence of dispersal of crown Pleurodira from Gondwana to Laurasia. Pleurochayah appalachius gen. et sp. nov. is compared to previously described fossil pleurodires, placed in a modified phylogenetic analysis of pelomedusoid turtles, and discussed in the context of pleurodiran distribution in the mid-Cretaceous. Its unique combination of characters demonstrates marine adaptation and dispersal capability among basal bothremydids.

摘要

四种龟类在以前被记录于来自德克萨斯州的伍德拜因组（Cenomanian 阿灵顿恐龙遗址（AAS）。本文中，我们描述了一个新的侧颈龟（侧颈龟亚目），Pleurochayah appalachius 属和种。新属种是鳖科的基干成员。Pleurochayah appalachius 属和种与其他鳖科具有共同的特征，包括与 Kurmademydini 和 Cearachelyini 的共同特征，但具有独特的头骨和壳特征组合。这个新的分类单元很重要，因为它是来自北美的最古老的有鳞目龟类，早于来自欧洲和北美的 bothremynines Algorachelus peregrinus 和 Paiutemys tibert。这一发现还记录了从冈瓦纳到劳亚古陆的有鳞目龟类扩散的最早证据。Pleurochayah appalachius 属和种与以前描述的化石鳖类进行了比较，被置于修改后的 pelomedusoid 龟类系统发育分析中，并在白垩纪中期的鳖类分布背景下进行了讨论。其独特的特征组合表明，在鳖科的基干成员中存在着海洋适应和扩散能力。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fe6f/8137945/f96138c32831/41598_2021_88905_Fig9_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fe6f/8137945/e9e23a2c6964/41598_2021_88905_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fe6f/8137945/c50f990e6b00/41598_2021_88905_Fig2_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fe6f/8137945/c7e918b9f925/41598_2021_88905_Fig3_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fe6f/8137945/836a14f763bc/41598_2021_88905_Fig4_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fe6f/8137945/0f74cce2ca03/41598_2021_88905_Fig5_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fe6f/8137945/4ee46e2a1e80/41598_2021_88905_Fig6_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fe6f/8137945/1dff469c0265/41598_2021_88905_Fig7_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fe6f/8137945/7b5cc22fb295/41598_2021_88905_Fig8_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fe6f/8137945/f96138c32831/41598_2021_88905_Fig9_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fe6f/8137945/e9e23a2c6964/41598_2021_88905_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fe6f/8137945/c50f990e6b00/41598_2021_88905_Fig2_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fe6f/8137945/c7e918b9f925/41598_2021_88905_Fig3_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fe6f/8137945/836a14f763bc/41598_2021_88905_Fig4_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fe6f/8137945/0f74cce2ca03/41598_2021_88905_Fig5_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fe6f/8137945/4ee46e2a1e80/41598_2021_88905_Fig6_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fe6f/8137945/1dff469c0265/41598_2021_88905_Fig7_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fe6f/8137945/7b5cc22fb295/41598_2021_88905_Fig8_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fe6f/8137945/f96138c32831/41598_2021_88905_Fig9_HTML.jpg

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