分子病理学在甲状腺肿瘤分类中的贡献。
The contribution of molecular pathology to the classification of thyroid tumors.
作者信息
Xu Bin, Ghossein Ronald A
机构信息
Department of Pathology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA.
出版信息
Diagn Histopathol (Oxf). 2018 Mar;24(3):87-94. doi: 10.1016/j.mpdhp.2018.02.001.
Significant molecular advances have been undertaken for the past two decades in the field of thyroid follicular neoplasms, including a detailed genomic profile of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project. These molecular discoveries led to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of thyroid neoplasms and resulted in reclassification of certain types of thyroid tumors. This review discusses how, 1) the molecular profiles of follicular-patterned lesions led to the reclassification of the follicular variant of PTC into non-invasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary like nuclei, 2) the genotyping of Hürthle cell neoplasm provided the rationale to classify these tumors independently from follicular adenomas and carcinomas, and 3) and molecular signatures have the potential of subclassifying PTC and poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma into clinically relevant molecular subtypes.
在过去二十年里，甲状腺滤泡性肿瘤领域取得了重大的分子研究进展，其中包括癌症基因组图谱（TCGA）项目对甲状腺乳头状癌（PTC）进行的详细基因组分析。这些分子学发现使人们对甲状腺肿瘤的发病机制有了更深入的了解，并导致某些类型的甲状腺肿瘤重新分类。本综述讨论了以下内容：1）滤泡样病变的分子特征如何导致PTC滤泡变体重新分类为具有乳头状核的非侵袭性滤泡性甲状腺肿瘤；2）许特耳细胞肿瘤的基因分型如何为将这些肿瘤与滤泡性腺瘤和癌独立分类提供了理论依据；3）分子特征如何有潜力将PTC和低分化甲状腺癌细分为临床相关的分子亚型。
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