Patra Pratap Kumar, Bhattarai Dharmagat, Prasad Arun, Jain Hansmukh, Ranjan Suprabhat, Ranjan Alok
Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Phulwari Sharif, Patna, Bihar, India.
Department of Pediatrics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2021 Jan;10(1):421-426. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1517_20. Epub 2021 Jan 30.
Bronchial asthma is a chronic respiratory illness of global importance. Recent reports depict the increasing prevalence of this disorder in urban areas.
An observational study was designed with a sample size of 1163 children from grade 4 to grade 12, involving 8 randomly selected schools in 2015-2016. Modified International Study of Asthma and Allergy in Childhood [ISAAC] questionnaire in local language [Hindi version] was used for data collection. The data of assessed risk factors were collected and analysed.
Prevalence of asthma in the studied population was 2.8%. Multivariate analysis revealed a significant association of risk of asthma with use of firewood kitchener for cooking, keeping pet animals at home, high body mass index (BMI), absence of ventilator measures like chimney and aero-vent. Logistic regression analysis revealed use of firewood kitchener for cooking (odds ratio (OR) = 4.9, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.93-11.3), absence of smoke outlet (OR 2.8, 95% CI 1.3-5.8) and keeping pet animals (OR 3.2, CI 1.6-6.8) at home were observed to be significantly associated with asthma.
Prevalence of asthma in our cohort was significantly lesser than that of developed world. Household smoke was the most conspicuous risk factor contributory to childhood asthma in this part of world.
支气管哮喘是一种具有全球重要性的慢性呼吸道疾病。最近的报告显示该疾病在城市地区的患病率呈上升趋势。
设计了一项观察性研究，样本为2015 - 2016年从4年级到12年级的1163名儿童，涉及8所随机选取的学校。使用当地语言（印地语版本）的改良国际儿童哮喘和过敏研究（ISAAC）问卷进行数据收集。收集并分析评估风险因素的数据。
研究人群中哮喘的患病率为2.8%。多变量分析显示，哮喘风险与使用柴灶做饭、在家饲养宠物、高体重指数（BMI）、缺乏烟囱和通风口等通风措施之间存在显著关联。逻辑回归分析显示，使用柴灶做饭（优势比（OR）= 4.9，95%置信区间（CI）= 2.93 - 11.3）、没有排烟口（OR 2.8，95% CI 1.3 - 5.8）以及在家饲养宠物（OR 3.2，CI 1.6 - 6.8）与哮喘显著相关。
我们队列中哮喘的患病率显著低于发达国家。家庭烟雾是世界这一地区儿童哮喘最显著的危险因素。
