感染艾滋病毒的拉丁裔性少数男性的群体间和少数群体内部的歧视经历及应对反应
Inter-Group and Intraminority-Group Discrimination Experiences and the Coping Responses of Latino Sexual Minority Men Living With HIV.
作者信息
MacCarthy Sarah, Bogart Laura M, Galvan Frank H, Pantalone David W
机构信息
RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, USA.
Bienestar Human Services, Inc., Los Angeles, CA, USA.
出版信息
Ann LGBTQ Public Popul Health. 2021;2(1):1-21. doi: 10.1891/lgbtq-2020-0028.
Discrimination negatively impacts the health of HIV-positive Latino sexual minority men (LSMM+). A growing literature on LSMM+ chronicles associations based on multiple devalued identities and mental health symptoms, HIV medication nonadherence, and sexual behaviors with the potential to transmit HIV. To gain additional insights on identity-based discrimination-as well as the associated coping responses-we conducted 30 qualitative interviews with LSMM+.Participantswereprobedregardingrecentdiscriminationevents(context,details,perpetrator, type) based on their intersecting identities (Latinx ethnicity, residency status, sexual minority orientation, HIV-positive serostatus) and their coping responses. We transcribed and translated the interviews and conducted a content analysis. Participants reported inter-group (i.e., between majority and minority group members) and intraminority-group (i.e., within minority group members) experiences as common. Participants described their intraminority-group experiences with discrimination based on being a Latinx sexual minority person in their families and home communities. Participants reported a range of coping responses to discrimination experiences. However, participants reported only functional (and no dysfunctional) coping strategies, and they endorsed using similar strategies in response to inter-group and intraminority-group discrimination. Coping strategies included strategic avoidance, social support, self-advocacy, and external attribution. Additional coping strategies (spirituality and positive reframing) emerged more strongly in response to inter-group experiences with discrimination. Our results underscore the need to address both inter-group and intraminority-group discrimination experiences. Future interventions can focus on strengthening the effective coping skills that LSMM+ currently employ as potential levers to address LSMM+ health disparities.
歧视对感染艾滋病毒的拉丁裔性少数男性（LSMM+）的健康产生负面影响。关于LSMM+的文献越来越多，记录了基于多种被贬低身份与心理健康症状、艾滋病毒药物治疗不依从以及可能传播艾滋病毒的性行为之间的关联。为了获得关于基于身份的歧视以及相关应对反应的更多见解，我们对LSMM+进行了30次定性访谈。参与者被问及基于其交叉身份（拉丁裔种族、居住身份、性少数取向、艾滋病毒阳性血清学状态）的近期歧视事件（背景、细节、肇事者、类型）以及他们的应对反应。我们对访谈进行了转录和翻译，并进行了内容分析。参与者报告说，群体间（即多数群体和少数群体成员之间）和少数群体内部（即少数群体成员内部）的经历很常见。参与者描述了他们在家庭和家乡社区中作为拉丁裔性少数群体所经历的少数群体内部的歧视经历。参与者报告了一系列针对歧视经历的应对反应。然而，参与者只报告了功能性（而非功能失调性）应对策略，并且他们认可在应对群体间和少数群体内部歧视时使用类似策略。应对策略包括策略性回避、社会支持、自我倡导和外部归因。在应对群体间歧视经历时，额外的应对策略（灵性和积极重构）更为突出。我们的结果强调了应对群体间和少数群体内部歧视经历的必要性。未来的干预措施可以侧重于加强LSMM+目前所采用的有效应对技能，将其作为解决LSMM+健康差距的潜在杠杆。
Zotero 插件