温度对蛙壶菌(BATRACHOCHYTRIUM DENDROBATIDIS)致病性和毒力的影响：系统评价。
TEMPERATURE AS A DRIVER OF THE PATHOGENICITY AND VIRULENCE OF AMPHIBIAN CHYTRID FUNGUS BATRACHOCHYTRIUM DENDROBATIDIS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW.
机构信息
School of Environmental Science, Charles Sturt University, Albury-Wodonga Campus, PO Box 789, Albury, New South Wales 2640, Australia.
Institute of Land, Water and Society, Charles Sturt University, Albury-Wodonga Campus, PO Box 789, Albury, New South Wales 2640, Australia.
出版信息
J Wildl Dis. 2021 Jul 1;57(3):477-494. doi: 10.7589/JWD-D-20-00105.
Chytridiomycosis, caused by the chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), is a leading cause of global amphibian declines. Severe infections with Bd can lead to cardiac arrest, and mass deaths during epidemics have been reported. Temperature, pH, salinity, and moisture are important determinants of the survival, growth, reproduction, and pathogenicity of Bd, as well as its effect on amphibian populations. Here, we synthesize current knowledge on the role of temperature as a driver of the pathogenicity and virulence of Bd to better understand the effects of temperature on amphibian defense mechanisms against infection. This review advises on research direction and management approaches to benefit amphibian populations affected by Bd. We conclude by offering guidelines for four levels of temperature monitoring in amphibian field studies to improve consistency between studies: regional climate, habitat, microhabitat, and amphibian host.
蛙壶菌病由蛙壶菌（Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis，Bd）引起，是全球两栖动物数量减少的主要原因。Bd 的严重感染可导致心脏骤停，并且已有报道称在流行期间发生大规模死亡。温度、pH 值、盐度和湿度是决定 Bd 的存活、生长、繁殖和致病性以及对两栖动物种群影响的重要因素。在这里，我们综合了当前关于温度作为 Bd 致病性和毒力驱动因素的知识，以更好地了解温度对两栖动物防御机制对抗感染的影响。本综述就研究方向和管理方法提供建议，以造福受 Bd 影响的两栖动物种群。最后，我们为提高两栖动物实地研究中温度监测的一致性，提供了四个层次的温度监测指南：区域气候、栖息地、微生境和两栖动物宿主。
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