University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, Canada.
Moss Rehabilitation Research Institute, Elkins Park, PA, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, New York, USA.
Cortex. 2021 Aug;141:1-15. doi: 10.1016/j.cortex.2021.03.021. Epub 2021 Apr 10.
Tools are ubiquitous in human environments and to think about them we use concepts. Increasingly, conceptual representation is thought to be dynamic and sensitive to the goals of the observer. Indeed, observer goals can reshape representational geometry within cortical networks supporting concepts. In the present study, we investigated the novel hypothesis that task-irrelevant scene context may implicitly alter the representational geometry of regions within the tool network. Participants performed conceptual judgments on images of tools embedded in scenes that either suggested their use (i.e., a kitchen timer sitting on a kitchen counter with vegetables in a frying pan) or that they would simply be moved (i.e., a kitchen timer sitting in an open drawer with other miscellaneous kitchen items around). We investigated whether representations in the tool network reflect category, grip, and shape information using a representational similarity analysis (RSA). We show that a) a number of regions of the tool network reflect category information about tools and b) category information predicts patterns in supramarginal gyrus more strongly in use contexts than in move contexts. Together, these results show that information about tool category is distributed across different regions of the tool network and that scene context helps shape the representational geometry of the tool network.
工具在人类环境中无处不在,我们用概念来思考它们。越来越多的人认为,概念表示是动态的,并且对观察者的目标敏感。事实上,观察者的目标可以在支持概念的皮质网络中重塑表示的几何形状。在本研究中,我们提出了一个新颖的假设,即任务无关的场景上下文可能会隐式地改变工具网络中区域的表示几何形状。参与者对嵌入在场景中的工具图像进行概念判断,这些场景要么暗示它们的用途(例如,厨房定时器放在厨房台面上,煎锅里有蔬菜),要么暗示它们将被移动(例如,厨房定时器放在打开的抽屉里,周围有其他各种厨房用品)。我们使用表示相似性分析(RSA)来研究工具网络中的表示是否反映了类别、抓握和形状信息。我们表明:a)工具网络的多个区域反映了工具的类别信息;b)类别信息在使用场景中比在移动场景中更能预测缘上回的模式。这些结果表明,关于工具类别的信息分布在工具网络的不同区域,并且场景上下文有助于塑造工具网络的表示几何形状。