Shenkar Oded, Liang Guoyong, Shenkar Rakefet
Fisher College of Business, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
Division on Investment and Enterprise, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, Palais des Nations, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
J Int Bus Stud. 2022;53(2):362-374. doi: 10.1057/s41267-021-00439-w. Epub 2021 May 17.
Internationalizing far later than other sectors, healthcare has seen trade and foreign direct investment (FDI) grow in recent years. While part of the service economy, healthcare has unique features that distinguish it from other service sectors and imprint on its globalization and spillover patterns. In this paper, we review the trends in healthcare internationalization, its drivers, and the obstacles standing in the way. We outline the special characteristics of the healthcare sector and how they affect the positive and negative spillovers from trade and FDI for home and host-countries. Implications for international business theory, research, and policy are delineated.
医疗保健行业的国际化比其他行业晚得多，但近年来其贸易和外国直接投资（FDI）有所增长。虽然医疗保健行业是服务经济的一部分，但其具有独特的特征，使其有别于其他服务行业，并影响其全球化和溢出模式。在本文中，我们回顾了医疗保健行业国际化的趋势、驱动因素以及阻碍其发展的障碍。我们概述了医疗保健行业的特殊特征，以及这些特征如何影响贸易和外国直接投资对母国和东道国的正负溢出效应。阐述了对国际商务理论、研究和政策的启示。
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