Więcław Helena, Szenejko Magdalena, Kull Thea, Sotek Zofia, Rębacz-Maron Ewa, Koopman Jacob
Institute of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland.
Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Center, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland.
PeerJ. 2021 May 11;9:e11372. doi: 10.7717/peerj.11372. eCollection 2021.
and . are sister species of the clade within the monophyletic section . An unambiguous identification of these species is relatively difficult due to the interspecific continuum of some morphological characters as well as the intraspecific variability. The study was aimed at determining the range of variability, both morphological and genetic, within and between these two closely related and similar species.
The sedges were collected during botanical expeditions to Armenia, Estonia, the Netherlands, and Poland. The morphological separation of the two species and their populations was tested using the Discriminant Function Analysis (DFA). The genetic variability of the 19 populations was assessed in the presence of eight Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) primers.
Results of the study indicate a considerable genetic affinity between the two sedge species (mean Si = 0.619). However, the populations of . are, morphologically and genetically, more homogenous than the populations of . . Compared to . usually has wider leaf blades, a shorter inflorescence, a lower number of spikes which are shorter, but wider, and longer bracts and utricles. The AMOVA showed a larger variation between the populations of , representing 25.65% of the total variation in the taxon. Two populations of . (from Poland and Estonia) are separated from the remaining populations, both genetically and morphologically; their individuals show shorter utricles and glumes, compared to the typical specimens of . , and correspond with the morphology of putative infraspecific taxa described by Cajander (var. and var. ).
The taxonomic status of the putative infraspecific taxa within . requires further studies throughout the distribution range of . , addressing habitats, morphology and genetics (including a chromosome count or a combination of different genetic methods), particularly as the variability in . may be associated with the species' polyploid origin.
[物种名称1]和[物种名称2]是单系组[组名称]内进化枝[进化枝名称]的姐妹物种。由于某些形态特征的种间连续性以及种内变异性，对这些物种进行明确鉴定相对困难。该研究旨在确定这两个密切相关且相似的物种内部以及它们之间形态和遗传变异的范围。
在前往亚美尼亚、爱沙尼亚、荷兰和波兰的植物考察中采集了莎草。使用判别函数分析（DFA）测试了这两个物种及其种群的形态分离。在存在八个简单序列重复区间（ISSR）引物的情况下评估了19个种群的遗传变异性。
研究结果表明这两个莎草物种之间存在相当大的遗传亲和力（平均Si = 0.619）。然而，[物种名称1]的种群在形态和遗传上比[物种名称2]的种群更均匀。与[物种名称2]相比，[物种名称1]通常具有更宽的叶片、更短的花序、更少的穗，这些穗更短但更宽，以及更长的苞片和胞果。方差分析显示[物种名称2]的种群之间存在更大的变异，占该分类单元总变异的25.65%。[物种名称2]的两个种群（来自波兰和爱沙尼亚）在遗传和形态上与其余种群分离；与[物种名称2]的典型标本相比，它们的个体显示出更短的胞果和颖片，并且与卡扬德尔描述的假定种下分类群（变种[变种名称1]和变种[变种名称2]）的形态相符。
[物种名称2]内假定种下分类群的分类地位需要在[物种名称2]的整个分布范围内进行进一步研究，涉及栖息地、形态和遗传学（包括染色体计数或不同遗传方法的组合），特别是因为[物种名称2]的变异性可能与该物种的多倍体起源有关。
