Rossi Gina, Weekers Laura C, Hutsebaut Joost
Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Department Psychology, Personality and Psychopathology Research Group, Brussels, Belgium.
Viersprong Institute for Studies on Personality Disorders, Halsteren, the Netherlands.
Heliyon. 2021 May 4;7(5):e06938. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06938. eCollection 2021 May.
We explored the clinical relevance of resilient, overcontrolled and undercontrolled personality types based upon DSM-5 maladaptive personality traits. We examined if these prototypes could be differentiated in terms of personality functioning, and internalizing and externalizing pathology. Self-report questionnaires and structured interviews were administered to 192 adult patients referred to a mental health care center specialized in assessment and treatment of personality disorders. Through cluster analysis we identified a resilient type with no elevation on maladaptive trait domains and showing better personality functioning and less pathology than the overcontrolled and undercontrolled types. Furthermore, the overcontrolled type had elevated Negative Affectivity and a higher prevalence of mood disorders, whereas the undercontrolled type had elevations on all maladaptive traits, with the exception of Disinhibition, and higher rates of narcissistic and borderline personality disorders. Given the differences in psychopathology between the types, identifying these types may inform treatment focus. Also, in line with a stepped care model, compared to overcontrollers, resilient types may need less intensive treatment and undercontrollers may need more intensive treatment.
我们基于《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第五版（DSM-5）的适应不良人格特质，探究了适应良好型、过度控制型和控制不足型人格类型的临床相关性。我们检验了这些原型在人格功能、内化和外化病理方面是否能够区分。对转至一家专门从事人格障碍评估与治疗的心理健康护理中心的192名成年患者进行了自我报告问卷和结构化访谈。通过聚类分析，我们确定了一种适应良好型，其在适应不良特质领域没有升高，且与过度控制型和控制不足型相比，表现出更好的人格功能和更少的病理症状。此外，过度控制型的消极情感性升高，心境障碍患病率更高，而控制不足型除了抑制不足外，所有适应不良特质均升高，且自恋型和边缘型人格障碍的发生率更高。鉴于不同类型之间精神病理学的差异，识别这些类型可能会为治疗重点提供依据。此外，根据逐步护理模式，与过度控制型相比，适应良好型可能需要强度较低的治疗，而控制不足型可能需要强度较高的治疗。
