Trentini Elena, Dan-Glauser Elise
Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
J Pers. 2025 Apr;93(2):463-488. doi: 10.1111/jopy.12948. Epub 2024 May 27.
This study aimed to explore the efficiency of different emotion regulation strategies, specifically reappraisal and suppression, in relation to adaptive and maladaptive personality profiles.
Personality conditions emotions and influences emotion regulation. Of the available regulation strategies, reappraisal (reinterpreting the situation) is described as an efficient strategy, whereas suppression (not displaying the experienced emotion) carries higher physiological and cognitive costs. Little is known, however, about the influence of personality on these efficiencies.
We tested the personality structure of 102 participants (Mean = 20.75, SD = 2.15), based on the Five-Factor Model and the Maladaptive Personality Trait Model. Experience, expressivity, and physiological arousal were recorded during the viewing of emotionally charged positive and negative images while participants reappraised, suppressed, or viewed the images without regulating their emotions.
We identified two clusters for adaptive personality ("Adaptive Resilient" and "Anti-resilient") and two for maladaptive personality ("Maladaptive Resilient" and "Under-controlled"). The major finding was for emotional experience in maladaptive personalities, where reappraisal was efficient in the Maladaptive Resilient profile, while none of the strategies brought relief in the Under-controlled profile.
This study, which systematically contrasts personality and efficiency of emotion regulation strategies, is one of the first attempts to refine the understanding of how personality influences the emotional regulation process.
本研究旨在探讨不同情绪调节策略，特别是重评和抑制，与适应性和适应不良人格特征之间的关系。
人格影响情绪并对情绪调节产生作用。在现有的调节策略中，重评（重新诠释情境）被认为是一种有效的策略，而抑制（不表露所体验到的情绪）则会带来更高的生理和认知成本。然而，关于人格对这些策略有效性的影响却知之甚少。
我们基于五因素模型和适应不良人格特质模型，对102名参与者（平均年龄=20.75岁，标准差=2.15）的人格结构进行了测试。在参与者观看充满情感的正面和负面图像时，记录他们的体验、表达能力和生理唤醒水平，期间参与者分别采用重评、抑制策略，或在不调节情绪的情况下观看图像。
我们识别出了两类适应性人格（“适应性韧性型”和“反韧性型”）和两类适应不良人格（“适应不良韧性型”和“控制不足型”）。主要发现是关于适应不良人格中的情绪体验，即重评对“适应不良韧性型”人格有效，而在“控制不足型”人格中，没有任何一种策略能缓解情绪。
本研究系统地对比了人格与情绪调节策略的有效性，是首次尝试深化对人格如何影响情绪调节过程理解的研究之一。
