Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research TNO, Department of Sustainable Productivity and Employability, Schipholweg 77, 2316 ZL, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Scand J Work Environ Health. 2021 Sep 1;47(6):446-455. doi: 10.5271/sjweh.3964. Epub 2021 May 24.
This study aimed to estimate acute effects of roster characteristics on fatigue and sleep quality and investigated whether these effects differed by individual characteristics.
Using an ecological measurement assessment survey, fatigue and sleep quality were daily measured among 223 shift workers for up to eight weeks. A questionnaire assessed baseline characteristics, and roster data were retrieved from the company registers to determine roster parameters. The effects between each shift parameter on fatigue and sleep quality were estimated with random- and fixed-effects models.
Compared to day shifts, night shifts were related to fatigue [β=0.22; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.05-0.39] and poorer sleep quality (β=0.64; 95% CI 0.47-0.80), and more successive night shifts with more fatigue (up to β=0.68; 95% CI 0.49-0.87 for ≥2 nights). Fatigue was increased after a quick return (<11 hours) (β=1.94; 95% CI 1.57-2.31) or 11-16 hours (β=0.43; 95% CI 0.26-0.61) compared to >16 hours between shifts. Compared to forward rotation, stable (β=0.22; 95% CI 0.01-0.43) and backward rotation (β=0.49; 95% CI 0.23-0.74) were also associated with more fatigue. Workers with a morning or intermediate chronotype had poorer sleep quality after a night shift, while workers with poor health reported poor sleep quality as well as more fatigue after a night shift.
To alleviate acute effects of shift work on fatigue, shift schedules should be optimized by ensuring more time to recover and rotate forwards.
本研究旨在评估轮班特征对疲劳和睡眠质量的急性影响，并探讨这些影响是否因个体特征而异。
使用生态测量评估调查，对 223 名轮班工人进行了长达八周的疲劳和睡眠质量的日常测量。问卷调查了基线特征，并从公司登记处检索了轮班数据，以确定轮班参数。使用随机效应和固定效应模型估计每个轮班参数对疲劳和睡眠质量的影响。
与日班相比，夜班与疲劳（β=0.22；95%置信区间（CI）0.05-0.39）和睡眠质量较差（β=0.64；95%CI 0.47-0.80）有关，连续夜班越多，疲劳程度越高（最多β=0.68；95%CI 0.49-0.87，≥2 个晚上）。与换班前休息>16 小时相比，快速返回（<11 小时）（β=1.94；95%CI 1.57-2.31）或 11-16 小时（β=0.43；95%CI 0.26-0.61）后疲劳增加。与向前轮转相比，稳定（β=0.22；95%CI 0.01-0.43）和向后轮转（β=0.49；95%CI 0.23-0.74）也与更多疲劳有关。晨型或中间型的工人在夜班后睡眠质量较差，而健康状况较差的工人在夜班后睡眠质量较差，疲劳感也更强。
为了减轻轮班工作对疲劳的急性影响，应通过确保有更多的恢复和向前轮转时间来优化轮班计划。
