Pediatric Genomics Discovery Program, Department of Pediatrics and Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA
Pediatric Genomics Discovery Program, Department of Pediatrics and Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA.
Cold Spring Harb Protoc. 2022 Apr 1;2022(4):Pdb.prot106344. doi: 10.1101/pdb.prot106344.
is a powerful model system for cell and developmental biology in part because frogs produce thousands of eggs and embryos year-round. For cell biological studies, egg extracts can mimic many processes in a cell-free system. For developmental biology, embryos are a premier system, combining cut-and-paste embryology with modern gene manipulation tools. are particularly suited to genetic studies because of their diploid genome, as compared to the tetraploid genome of When collecting eggs, there are differences in timing of steps, amounts of hormone administered, and handling of females between these species. In this protocol, females are induced with a hormone that stimulates ovulation, and then eggs are collected. To administer the ovulation hormone and express eggs, it is necessary to be comfortable with handling frogs. Proficient handling of requires practice, as they are relatively small, active, and slippery.
是细胞和发育生物学的强大模型系统，部分原因是青蛙全年都会产生数千个卵子和胚胎。对于细胞生物学研究，卵提取物可以模拟无细胞系统中的许多过程。对于发育生物学来说，胚胎是一个主要的系统，它将剪接和粘贴胚胎学与现代基因操作工具结合在一起。与四倍体基因组的相比，由于其二倍体基因组， 特别适合进行遗传研究。在收集卵子时，这些物种之间在步骤的时间、激素的用量以及对雌性的处理方面存在差异。在本方案中，用激素诱导雌性排卵，然后收集卵子。为了施用排卵激素并表达卵子，有必要熟练地处理青蛙。熟练地处理 需要实践，因为它们相对较小、活跃且滑溜。
