[不同耕作方式下施用小麦秸秆生物炭对土壤碳含量的影响]
[Effects of Wheat Straw-derived Biochar Application on Soil Carbon Content Under Different Tillage Practices].
作者信息
Liu Zhen-Jie, Li Peng-Fei, Huang Shi-Wei, Jin Xiang-le, Zhang A-Feng
机构信息
College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China.
出版信息
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2021 Jun 8;42(6):3000-3009. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202010090.
This study intended to examine the influence of biochar application on soil carbon content under different tillage conditions. For this, an indoor incubation experiment was performed with treatments included wheat straw-derived biochar application (0, 5, and 20 g·kg) and soil with different tillage measures (ploughing and no-tillage). The effects of biochar addition on soil organic carbon (SOC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC), readily oxidized organic carbon (ROC), soil inorganic carbon (SIC), pH, water soluble calcium and magnesium, and soil CO emissions were analyzed. The results showed that:① Compared with the control, the contents of SOC, ROC, DOC, and water soluble Ca and Mg increased by 20.3%-105.6%, 0.5%-36.0%, 0.8%-30.5%, 3.5%-42.3%, and 2.4%-75.2% in the no-tillage treatments, respectively; and the contents of SOC, ROC, DOC, water-soluble Ca and Mg increased by 29.2%-145.1%, 1.3%-63.9%, 2.4%-55.6%, 18.2%-89.8%, and 10.1%-150.5% in the ploughing treatment, respectively, under different dosage biochar amendments, and was enhanced with an increase in the biochar application amount. Cumulative CO emissions were highest with biochar amendment at 5 g·kg under the no-tillage soil condition; however, this increased with an increase in the biochar amount in the ploughing treatment. At the end of incubation experiment, the soil MBC content increased by 35.5%-45.7% compared with the control treatment; however, there was no significant effect on soil pH and SIC between the treatments. ② Compared with the ploughing treatment, the cumulative CO emissions, SOC, ROC, DOC, MBC, and water-soluble Ca and Mg contents of the no tillage treatment increased by 34.2%-79.0%, 8.9%-45.5%, 28.2%-73.9%, 40.4%-78.4%, 0.2%-131.7%, 8.7%-39.8%, and 0.3%-61.0%, respectively, while soil pH and SIC decreased by 0.08-0.17 unit and 2.4%-13.9%, respectively, under the same biochar amendment treatments. Overall, the addition of biochar significantly increased soil organic carbon, active organic carbon, soil water soluble calcium and magnesium content, and soil cumulative CO emissions, but no significant effect was observed on soil inorganic carbon content.
本研究旨在考察不同耕作条件下生物炭施用对土壤碳含量的影响。为此，进行了一项室内培养试验，处理包括施用小麦秸秆衍生生物炭（0、5和20 g·kg）以及采用不同耕作措施（翻耕和免耕）的土壤。分析了生物炭添加对土壤有机碳（SOC）、溶解有机碳（DOC）、土壤微生物量碳（MBC）、易氧化有机碳（ROC）、土壤无机碳（SIC）、pH值、水溶性钙和镁以及土壤CO排放的影响。结果表明：①与对照相比，免耕处理中SOC、ROC、DOC以及水溶性钙和镁的含量分别增加了20.3% - 105.6%、0.5% - 36.0%、0.8% - 30.5%、3.5% - 42.3%和2.4% - 75.2%；在不同剂量生物炭改良下，翻耕处理中SOC、ROC、DOC、水溶性钙和镁的含量分别增加了29.2% - 145.1%、1.3% - 63.9%、2.4% - 55.6%、18.2% - 89.8%和10.1% - 150.5%，且随生物炭施用量增加而增强。免耕土壤条件下，生物炭施用量为5 g·kg时累积CO排放量最高；然而，在翻耕处理中，累积CO排放量随生物炭用量增加而增加。培养试验结束时，土壤MBC含量比对照处理增加了35.5% - 45.7%；然而，各处理间土壤pH值和SIC没有显著影响。②与翻耕处理相比，在相同生物炭改良处理下，免耕处理的累积CO排放量、SOC、ROC、DOC、MBC以及水溶性钙和镁的含量分别增加了34.2% - 79.0%、8.9% - 45.5%、28.2% - 73.9%、40.4% - 78.4%、0.2% - 131.7%、8.7% - 39.8%和0.3% - 61.0%，而土壤pH值和SIC分别下降了0.08 - 0.17个单位和2.4% - 13.9%。总体而言，生物炭的添加显著增加了土壤有机碳、活性有机碳、土壤水溶性钙和镁含量以及土壤累积CO排放量，但对土壤无机碳含量没有显著影响。
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