de Araújo Laryssa Lopes, Alonso Nivaldo, Fukushiro Ana Paula
Yaçuri da Amazônia Institute, Manaus, Brazil.
Laboratory of Physiology, Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil.
Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2022 May;59(5):595-602. doi: 10.1177/10556656211017791. Epub 2021 May 25.
To investigate the speech outcomes in individuals with cleft lip and palate (CLP) from the Amazon region and determine their correlation with sociodemographic factors.
Cross-sectional, prospective, single-blind study.
Tertiary care institute in Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
Four hundred twenty individuals with CLP, aged 4 to 57 years.
The samples were judged by 3 speech pathologists experienced in the speech assessment of individuals with CLP. Hypernasality was scored using a 4-point scale, being 1 = absent, 2 = mild, 3 = moderate, and 4 = severe, and the active speech symptoms were classified as absent or present. The final score for each speech symptom was reached by consensus among the 3 examiners Descriptive analysis of sociodemographic data included origin, socioeconomic status, type of cleft, surgical technique employed, the age they underwent primary and secondary palatoplasty, and palatal fistula.
Absence of hypernasality was observed in 41% of the individuals, 18% had mild, 28% moderate, and 13% severe hypernasality. Active speech symptoms were observed in 57% of the individuals. Significant correlations were found between speech outcomes and the variables such as origin, socioeconomic status, age at primary and secondary palatoplasty, and presence of fistula.
Most individuals with repaired CLP from the Amazon region presented speech disorders, characterized by hypernasality and active errors. Patients living outside the state capital, of low socioeconomic level, underwent palatoplasty late and with presence of palatal fistula tended to have the worst speech outcomes.
调查来自亚马逊地区的唇腭裂（CLP）患者的语音结果，并确定其与社会人口学因素的相关性。
横断面、前瞻性、单盲研究。
巴西亚马逊州玛瑙斯的三级护理机构。
420例年龄在4至57岁之间的唇腭裂患者。
样本由3名在唇腭裂患者语音评估方面经验丰富的言语病理学家进行评估。鼻音过重采用4分制评分，1 = 无，2 = 轻度，3 = 中度，4 = 重度，主动语音症状分为存在或不存在。3名检查者通过协商一致得出每个语音症状的最终评分。社会人口学数据的描述性分析包括籍贯、社会经济状况、腭裂类型、采用的手术技术、接受一期和二期腭裂修复术的年龄以及腭瘘情况。
41%的患者无鼻音过重，18%为轻度，28%为中度，13%为重度。57%的患者存在主动语音症状。在语音结果与籍贯、社会经济状况、一期和二期腭裂修复术时的年龄以及瘘管的存在等变量之间发现了显著相关性。
亚马逊地区大多数接受唇腭裂修复的患者存在语音障碍，表现为鼻音过重和主动语音错误。居住在州府以外、社会经济水平低、腭裂修复术实施较晚且存在腭瘘的患者语音结果往往最差。
