巴西学龄儿童心血管风险特征分析：代谢和行为指标。
Analysis of the profile of cardiovascular risk in Brazilian schoolchildren: metabolic and behavioral indicators.
机构信息
Centro de Pesquisa em Hipertensão e Metabolismo, Faculdade de Medicina de Marília, Marília, SP, Brasil,
Departamento de Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil.
出版信息
Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2021 May 18;64(6):679-686. doi: 10.20945/2359-3997000000269.
OBJECTIVE
There is evidence demonstrating that cardiovascular diseases (CVD) manifesting during adulthood result from an intense interaction among risk factors that may have originated during childhood and adolescence. To compare the prevalence and clustering of cardiovascular risk factors in Brazilian schoolchildren with a 15-year interval between samples.
METHODS
A cross-sectional analysis based on the scores for cardiovascular risk factors was used to investigate 1,232 Brazilian schoolchildren of both sexes aged 12 to 18 years. The data of 596 schoolchildren of the 2000 sample were compared to those of 636 schoolchildren of the 2015 sample.
RESULTS
The prevalence of physical inactivity and abdominal obesity increased exponentially in both sexes from 2000 to 2015. The score for the clustering of cardiovascular risk factors showed that in 2000 the adolescents were exposed to 1 cardiovascular risk factor (31.7%), while in 2015 the greatest percentage was assigned to the category of 3 or more cardiovascular risk factors (34.9%), p < 0.001.
CONCLUSION
The present results demonstrate a high prevalence of exposure to health risk behaviors of the adolescents studied over time. Considering the presence of modifiable risk factors, preventive measures regarding life style are essential.
目的
有证据表明，成年期出现的心血管疾病（CVD）是由儿童期和青春期开始的多种危险因素强烈相互作用引起的。本研究旨在比较巴西儿童青少年心血管危险因素的流行率和聚集性，这些儿童青少年的样本采集时间间隔为 15 年。
方法
本研究采用基于心血管危险因素评分的横断面分析，对年龄在 12 至 18 岁的 1232 名巴西男女在校学生进行了调查。将 2000 年样本中的 596 名学生的数据与 2015 年样本中的 636 名学生的数据进行了比较。
结果
从 2000 年到 2015 年，男女两性的身体活动不足和腹型肥胖的患病率呈指数增长。心血管危险因素聚集评分显示，2000 年青少年暴露于 1 个心血管危险因素（31.7%），而 2015 年最大的比例则被分配到 3 个或更多心血管危险因素的类别（34.9%），p < 0.001。
结论
本研究结果表明，随着时间的推移，被研究的青少年接触健康风险行为的流行率很高。鉴于存在可改变的危险因素，生活方式的预防措施至关重要。
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