CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 Sep 20;788:147793. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147793. Epub 2021 May 15.
Soils contaminated with antibiotics may exert effects on soil-dwelling animals. A systematic ecological toxicity assessment of norfloxacin on the soil collembolan Folsomia candida (F. candida) was therefore conducted in soil and Petri dish systems with and without feeding at the population, individual and cellular levels. The indicators survival, reproduction, antioxidant enzyme activities peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) contents and gut microbiota were studied. The surrounding soil microbiota were also investigated because F. candida can ingest soil microbiota that may have effects on the gut microbiota. In general, the toxicity of norfloxacin to F. candida in contaminated soil without food addition was higher than in contaminated soil with food addition. Norfloxacin had little effect at population and individual levels but antioxidant enzyme activities changed significantly in treatments with longer exposure times or higher norfloxacin concentrations. CAT was more sensitive than SOD or POD. The diversity indices and composition at phylum level of the gut microbiota showed little change. However, the operational taxonomic units in the gut decreased in the presence of norfloxacin. The relative abundance of Wolbachia, the predominant bacterial genus in the gut, decreased significantly with increasing soil norfloxacin concentration. Wolbachia may therefore be a promising bioindicator in the assessment of norfloxacin pollution of soils at environmental concentrations.
土壤中抗生素的污染可能会对土壤动物产生影响。因此，我们在有食物和无食物的土壤和培养皿系统中，从种群、个体和细胞水平对诺氟沙星（norfloxacin）对土壤弹尾目动物（Folsomia candida）的生态毒性进行了系统评估。研究了生存、繁殖、抗氧化酶活性（过氧化物酶（POD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD））、丙二醛（MDA）含量和肠道微生物群等指标。还研究了周围土壤微生物群，因为 F. candida 可以摄取可能对肠道微生物群产生影响的土壤微生物群。一般来说，在没有食物添加的污染土壤中，诺氟沙星对 F. candida 的毒性高于有食物添加的污染土壤。诺氟沙星对种群和个体水平的影响较小，但在较长暴露时间或较高诺氟沙星浓度的处理中，抗氧化酶活性变化显著。CAT 比 SOD 或 POD 更敏感。肠道微生物群的多样性指数和门水平组成变化不大。然而，在诺氟沙星存在的情况下，肠道中的操作分类单元减少。肠道中主要细菌属沃尔巴克氏体（Wolbachia）的相对丰度随着土壤中诺氟沙星浓度的增加而显著降低。因此，沃尔巴克氏体可能是评估环境浓度下土壤中诺氟沙星污染的有前途的生物标志物。
