Department of Psychology, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK.
Memory. 2021 May;29(5):645-661. doi: 10.1080/09658211.2021.1931338. Epub 2021 May 26.
Two experiments examined the effects of directed (intentional) forgetting on information processed for its survival value. Experiment 1 used the list-method directed forgetting procedure in which items processed for their relevance to survival, moving house or pleasantness were followed by the cue to remember or forget. Following the encoding of a second list, free-recall of both lists showed that survival encoding brought about greater remembering (after the remember cue) and forgetting (after the forget cue). Experiment 2 also used the list-method and manipulated mental context reinstatement prior to recall. Although this manipulation was effective in enhancing memory, more directed forgetting was again shown in the survival condition. In both experiments the effects of survival processing were shown also in free-recall "remember" (vs. "know") responses, indicative of the retrieval of associative or contextual details. The mechanisms that might underpin these were evaluated and considered in relation to future work.
两个实验考察了定向（有意）遗忘对生存价值信息处理的影响。实验 1 使用了列表法定向遗忘程序，在对与生存、搬家或愉快相关的项目进行处理后，会出现记住或忘记的提示。在对第二张列表进行编码后，对两张列表的自由回忆显示，生存编码带来了更多的记忆（在记住提示后）和遗忘（在忘记提示后）。实验 2 也使用了列表法，并在回忆前操纵心理语境的恢复。虽然这种操作有效地增强了记忆，但在生存条件下再次显示出更多的定向遗忘。在这两个实验中，生存处理的影响也表现在自由回忆的“记住”（与“知道”相对）反应中，表明了联想或语境细节的检索。对这些机制进行了评估，并考虑了与未来工作的关系。
