Tahir Muhammad Mobeen, Chen Shiyue, Ma Xiaoyan, Li Shaohuan, Zhang Xiaoyun, Shao Yun, Shalmani Abdullah, Zhao Caiping, Bao Lu, Zhang Dong
College of Horticulture, Yangling Subsidiary Center Project of the National Apple Improvement Center, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, 712100, China.
College of Agriculture, The Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization in Xinjiang Production and Construction Group, Shihezi University, 832003, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China.
Plant Physiol Biochem. 2021 Aug;165:123-136. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.05.015. Epub 2021 May 20.
Apples are economically valuable and widely consumed fruits. The adventitious roots (ARs) formation is gridlock for apple trees mass propagation. The possible function of multiple hormones and sugar signaling pathways regulating ARs formation has not been completely understood in apple. In this study, B9 stem cuttings were treated with KCl treatment, where the highest root numbers (220) and maximum root length of 731.2 cm were noticed in KCl-treated cuttings, which were 98.2% and 215% higher than control cuttings. The content of endogenous hormones: IAA, ZR, JA, GA, and ABA were detected higher in response to KCl at most time-points. To figure out the molecular mechanisms underlying this effect, we investigated transcriptome analysis. In total, 4631 DEGs were determined, from which about 202 DEGs were considerably enriched in pathways associated with hormone signaling, sugar metabolism, root development, and cell cycle-related and were thereupon picked out on their potential involvements in ARs formation. Though, IAA accumulation and up-regulation of various genes contribute to induce AR formation. These results suggest that AR formation is a complex biological process in apple rootstocks, influenced mainly by the auxin signaling pathway and sugar metabolism.
苹果是具有经济价值且被广泛食用的水果。不定根（ARs）的形成是苹果树大规模繁殖的瓶颈。在苹果中，多种激素和糖信号通路调节不定根形成的可能功能尚未完全明确。在本研究中，对B9茎插条进行了氯化钾处理，在氯化钾处理的插条中观察到最高根数（220条）和最大根长731.2厘米，分别比对照插条高出98.2%和215%。在大多数时间点，对氯化钾响应时，内源激素生长素（IAA）、玉米素核苷（ZR）、茉莉酸（JA）、赤霉素（GA）和脱落酸（ABA）的含量检测到更高。为了弄清楚这种效应背后的分子机制，我们进行了转录组分析。总共确定了4631个差异表达基因（DEGs），其中约202个DEGs在与激素信号传导、糖代谢、根系发育以及细胞周期相关的途径中显著富集，并因此因其在不定根形成中的潜在参与而被挑选出来。此外，IAA积累和各种基因的上调有助于诱导不定根形成。这些结果表明，不定根形成是苹果砧木中的一个复杂生物学过程，主要受生长素信号通路和糖代谢的影响。
