Tilahun Desalew, Gezahegn Adanech, Tegenu Kenenisa, Fenta Belete
Nursing School, Faculty of Health Science, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Health Information, Jimma Medical Center, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Int J Gen Med. 2021 May 19;14:1967-1974. doi: 10.2147/IJGM.S304007. eCollection 2021.
This study assessed functional health literacy and associated factors among adult patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in Ethiopia.
A cross-sectional study was conducted on 410 respondents from May 1 to July 1, 2020, using a functional health literacy questionnaire consisting of 14 items that covers three conceptually distinct functional health literacy domains: having sufficient information to manage my health, ability to find good health information and understand health information well enough to know what to do. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 23. Data were collected by exit face-to-face interview using an interviewer administered and pre-tested questionnaire. Statistical significance of associated variables had been declared based on the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with its 95% CI and p-value <0.05.
Adequate functional health literacy was determined in 55.4% of CVD patients understanding health information whereas inadequate functional health literacy was determined in 53.9% participants for finding health information and in 50.5% of them having sufficient information to manage my health. Educational status was found to have a statistically significant association across the three domains.
The functional health literacy level of CVD patients varied by domain. Educational status of the participant is significantly associated with the three domains of functional health literacy whereas household monthly income and number of information sources are significantly associated with having sufficient information and the ability to find good health information. The findings indicate the need to streamline medical communication that improves the functional health literacy of CVD patients.
本研究评估了埃塞俄比亚成年心血管疾病（CVD）患者的功能性健康素养及相关因素。
于2020年5月1日至7月1日对410名受访者进行了一项横断面研究，使用了一份包含14个项目的功能性健康素养问卷，该问卷涵盖三个概念上不同的功能性健康素养领域：拥有管理自身健康的足够信息、找到良好健康信息的能力以及充分理解健康信息以知道该怎么做的能力。数据使用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）第23版进行分析。数据通过使用由访员管理并经过预测试的问卷进行面对面访谈收集。基于调整后的优势比（AOR）及其95%置信区间和p值<0.05来判定相关变量的统计学显著性。
55.4%的CVD患者在理解健康信息方面具备足够的功能性健康素养，而在寻找健康信息方面，53.9%的参与者功能性健康素养不足，在拥有管理自身健康的足够信息方面，50.5%的参与者功能性健康素养不足。发现教育程度在这三个领域均具有统计学显著关联。
CVD患者的功能性健康素养水平因领域而异。参与者的教育程度与功能性健康素养的三个领域显著相关，而家庭月收入和信息来源数量与拥有足够信息以及找到良好健康信息的能力显著相关。研究结果表明需要简化医疗沟通，以提高CVD患者的功能性健康素养。
