Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, South Korea.
Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul 03759, South Korea.
Environ Sci Technol. 2021 Jun 15;55(12):7841-7849. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.1c01503. Epub 2021 May 27.
Seven nitrosamines and three nitramines in particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of less than or equal to 2.5 μm (PM) collected in 2018 in Seoul, South Korea, were quantified. Annual mean concentrations of the sum of nitrosamines and nitramines were 9.81 ± 18.51 and 1.12 ± 0.70 ng/m, respectively, and nitrosodi-methylamine (NDMA) and dimethyl-nitramine (DMN) comprised the largest portion of nitrosamines and nitramines, respectively. Statistical analyses such as non-parametric correlation analysis, positive matrix factorization, analysis of covariance, and orthogonal partial least squared discrimination analysis were carried out to identify contribution of the atmospheric reactions in producing NDMA and DMN. In addition, kinetic calculation using reaction information obtained from the previous chamber studies was performed to estimate concentrations of NDMA and DMN that might be produced from the atmospheric reactions. It was concluded that (1) the atmospheric reactions contributed to the concentrations of NDMA more than they did for those of DMN, (2) the contribution of atmospheric reactions to the concentrations of NDMA and DMN was significant due to high NO concentrations in winter, and (3) primary emissions predominantly affected the ambient concentrations of NDMA and DMN in spring, summer, and autumn.
2018 年在韩国首尔采集的直径小于或等于 2.5μm 的颗粒物（PM）中定量检测到七种亚硝胺和三种硝胺。亚硝胺和硝胺总和的年平均浓度分别为 9.81±18.51 和 1.12±0.70ng/m3，其中亚硝二甲胺（NDMA）和二甲基硝胺（DMN）分别占亚硝胺和硝胺的最大部分。进行了非参数相关分析、正矩阵因子分析、协方差分析和正交偏最小二乘判别分析等统计分析，以确定大气反应在产生 NDMA 和 DMN 方面的贡献。此外，还使用从先前的腔室研究中获得的反应信息进行了动力学计算，以估计可能由大气反应产生的 NDMA 和 DMN 的浓度。结论是：（1）大气反应对 NDMA 浓度的贡献大于对 DMN 浓度的贡献；（2）由于冬季 NO 浓度较高，大气反应对 NDMA 和 DMN 浓度的贡献显著；（3）在春季、夏季和秋季，一次排放主要影响 NDMA 和 DMN 的环境浓度。
