International Vaccine Access Center, Departments of Epidemiology and International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Department of Immunization, Vaccines and Biologicals, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
Vaccine. 2021 Jun 16;39(27):3544-3559. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.04.027. Epub 2021 May 24.
This report addresses the epidemiological aspects and feasibility of measles and rubella eradication and the potential resource requirements in response to the request of the Director-General at the Seventieth World Health Assembly held on May 31, 2017. A guiding principle is that the path toward measles and rubella eradication should serve to strengthen primary health care, promote universal health coverage, and be a pathfinder for new vision and strategy for immunization over the next decade as laid out in the Immunization Agenda 2030. Specifically, this report: 1) highlights the importance of measles and rubella as global health priorities; 2) reviews the current global measles and rubella situation; 3) summarizes prior assessments of the feasibility of measles and rubella eradication; 4) assesses the progress and challenges in achieving regional measles and rubella elimination; 5) assesses additional considerations for measles and rubella eradication, including the results of modelling and economic analyses; 6) assesses the implications of establishing a measles and rubella eradication goal and the process for setting an eradication target date; 7) proposes a framework for determining preconditions for setting a target date for measles and rubella eradication and how these preconditions should be understood and used; and 8) concludes with recommendations endorsed by SAGE.
本报告根据 2017 年 5 月 31 日第七十届世界卫生大会总干事的要求，阐述了消除麻疹和风疹的流行病学方面和可行性，以及应对这一工作所需资源的潜力。其指导原则是，消除麻疹和风疹的道路应有助于加强初级卫生保健，促进全民健康覆盖，并为未来十年免疫规划的新愿景和新战略探路，这一战略在《2030 年免疫议程》中已有阐述。本报告具体内容如下：1）强调麻疹和风疹作为全球卫生重点的重要性；2）审查当前全球麻疹和风疹状况；3）总结以往对消除麻疹和风疹可行性的评估；4）评估在实现区域消除麻疹和风疹方面的进展和挑战；5）评估消除麻疹和风疹的其他考虑因素，包括建模和经济分析的结果；6）评估确定消除麻疹和风疹目标以及确定消除目标日期的过程所涉问题；7）提出确定设定麻疹和风疹消除目标日期的前提条件的框架，并说明应如何理解和使用这些前提条件；8）最后提出战略咨询专家组认可的建议。
