National Engineering Laboratory for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China.
Food Funct. 2021 Jul 21;12(14):6283-6293. doi: 10.1039/d1fo00524c. Epub 2021 May 28.
Obesity is closely associated with maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis, and mitochondrial dysfunction can lead to systemic lipid metabolism disorders. Zeaxanthin (ZEA) is a kind of carotenoid with potent antioxidant activity and has been reported to promote mitochondrial biogenesis. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanism has not been explained. In this study, we first discovered that ZEA stimulated 3T3-L1 adipocyte browning by increasing the expression of specific markers (Cd137, Tbx1, Sirt1, Cidea, Ucp1, Tmem26, and Cited1), thereby reducing lipid accumulation. Besides, ZEA promoted mitochondrial biogenesis by increasing the expression of PRDM16, UCP1, NRF2, PGC-1α, and SIRT1. Moreover, the uncoupled oxygen consumption rate (OCR) of protons leaked in 3T3-L1 adipocytes was rapidly increased by ZEA treatment, which improved mitochondrial respiration and energy metabolism. Furthermore, we found that ZEA promotes browning by enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis partly through the protein kinase A (PKA) pathway. This study provided new insight into the promotion of browning and mitochondrial biogenesis by ZEA, suggesting that ZEA probably has potential therapeutic effects on obesity.
肥胖与维持线粒体稳态密切相关，线粒体功能障碍可导致全身脂质代谢紊乱。玉米黄质（ZEA）是一种具有强大抗氧化活性的类胡萝卜素，已被报道可促进线粒体生物发生。然而，其分子机制尚未得到解释。在本研究中，我们首先发现 ZEA 通过增加特定标志物（Cd137、Tbx1、Sirt1、Cidea、Ucp1、Tmem26 和 Cited1）的表达来刺激 3T3-L1 脂肪细胞褐变，从而减少脂质积累。此外，ZEA 通过增加 PRDM16、UCP1、NRF2、PGC-1α 和 SIRT1 的表达来促进线粒体生物发生。此外，ZEA 处理可快速增加 3T3-L1 脂肪细胞质子漏出的解偶联耗氧量（OCR），从而改善线粒体呼吸和能量代谢。此外，我们发现 ZEA 通过增强蛋白激酶 A（PKA）途径促进褐变，部分是通过增强线粒体生物发生来实现的。本研究为 ZEA 促进褐变和线粒体生物发生提供了新的见解，表明 ZEA 可能对肥胖具有潜在的治疗作用。
