Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants (IMBIO), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Methods Mol Biol. 2021;2295:43-57. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1362-7_4.
Gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) represent powerful tools for the quantitative and structural analysis of plant lipids. Here, we outline protocols for the isolation, separation, and derivatization of plant lipids for subsequent GC and GC-MS analysis. Plant lipids are extracted with organic solvents and separated according to their polarity by thin-layer chromatography or solid phase extraction. As most lipids are not volatile, the analytes are derivatized by transmethylation or trimethylsilylation to enable the transition of the molecules into the gas phase. After separation on the polymer matrix of the GC column, the analytes are detected by flame ionization or mass spectrometry. This chapter includes methods suitable for the analysis of lipid-bound or free fatty acids, long chain alcohols, and monoacylglycerols and for the determination of double bond positions in fatty acids.
气相色谱（GC）和气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）是定量和结构分析植物脂质的有力工具。在这里，我们概述了用于植物脂质分离、分离和衍生化的方案，以便随后进行 GC 和 GC-MS 分析。用有机溶剂提取植物脂质，并通过薄层层析或固相萃取根据其极性进行分离。由于大多数脂质是非挥发性的，因此通过甲酯化或三甲基硅烷化将分析物衍生化，以使分子进入气相。在 GC 柱的聚合物基质上分离后，通过火焰电离或质谱法检测分析物。本章包括适用于分析脂结合或游离脂肪酸、长链醇和单酰基甘油以及测定脂肪酸双键位置的方法。
