Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Center for Structural Studies (CSS), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Biol Chem. 2021 May 31;402(9):1047-1062. doi: 10.1515/hsz-2021-0156. Print 2021 Aug 26.
Bile acids perform vital functions in the human liver and are the essential component of bile. It is therefore not surprising that the biology of bile acids is extremely complex, regulated on different levels, and involves soluble and membrane receptors as well as transporters. Hereditary disorders of these proteins manifest in different pathophysiological processes that result in liver diseases of varying severity. In this review, we summarize our current knowledge of the physiology and pathophysiology of bile acids with an emphasis on recently established analytical approaches as well as the molecular mechanisms that underlie signaling and transport of bile acids. In this review, we will focus on ABC transporters of the canalicular membrane and their associated diseases. As the G protein-coupled receptor, TGR5, receives increasing attention, we have included aspects of this receptor and its interaction with bile acids.
胆汁酸在人类肝脏中发挥着重要功能，是胆汁的重要组成部分。因此，胆汁酸的生物学极其复杂，在不同水平上受到调节，涉及可溶性和膜受体以及转运体也就不足为奇了。这些蛋白质的遗传性疾病表现在不同的病理生理过程中，导致不同严重程度的肝脏疾病。在这篇综述中，我们总结了我们目前对胆汁酸生理学和病理生理学的认识，重点介绍了最近建立的分析方法以及胆汁酸信号转导和转运的分子机制。在这篇综述中，我们将重点关注胆管膜上的 ABC 转运体及其相关疾病。由于 G 蛋白偶联受体 TGR5 受到越来越多的关注，我们已经包括了这个受体及其与胆汁酸相互作用的方面。
