Institute of Clinical Nursing, College of Nursing, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Department of Public Health, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
J Adv Nurs. 2021 Sep;77(9):3784-3796. doi: 10.1111/jan.14895. Epub 2021 May 29.
To evaluate the acceptance of three-dimensional virtual reality programs and to explore the factors influencing the acceptance of the programs among the institutionalized older adults.
A cross-sectional explanatory study.
A total of 71 residents completed the program successfully. They were invited to join a 9-week program included eight activities related to horticultural therapy in a virtual environment. Data were collected by structured questionnaires from August 2018 to February 2019. Ten association hypotheses were derived from the literature review. Partial least squares structural equation modelling was used to examine the proposed hypotheses.
Program acceptance was defined as virtual reality practices and continuous usage intention. Frequency of practice was about 12 times during 9-week free-trial period, and the score of continuance usage intention was 13.06 (maximum value of 15). The findings indicated that virtual reality practices were significantly affected by presence and the presence was significantly affected by involvement and interactivity. Continuance usage intention was significantly affected by involvement; and involvement was significantly affected by interactivity. However, continuance usage intention was not significantly influenced by virtual reality practices.
The findings supported that immersive three-dimensional virtual reality program was accepted by the institutionalized older adults. The acceptance, in terms of virtual reality practices and continuous usage intention, was influenced by different paths. The findings have a potential impact on the design of virtual reality technology for the care of institutionalized older adults.
What problem did the study address? There were controversial findings about the acceptance of immersive 3D virtual reality program among older adults. What were the main findings? Interactivity advanced the sense of presence and, thus, resulted in a higher frequency of virtual reality practices. Interactivity enhanced perception of involvement, thus, contributing to an increased intention of continuous usage Where and on whom will the research have an impact? The immersive 3D virtual reality program was appropriate for older adults, even for first time users or individuals aged over 80 years. The findings revealed new insights for developing immersive 3D virtual reality programs for the older adults.
评估三维虚拟现实程序的接受程度，并探讨影响机构老年人接受该程序的因素。
横断面解释性研究。
共有 71 名居民成功完成了该计划。他们被邀请参加一个为期 9 周的计划，包括在虚拟环境中进行与园艺治疗相关的八项活动。数据于 2018 年 8 月至 2019 年 2 月期间通过结构化问卷收集。从文献综述中得出了十个关联假设。偏最小二乘结构方程模型用于检验所提出的假设。
程序接受度被定义为虚拟现实实践和持续使用意图。在 9 周的免费试用期间，练习频率约为 12 次，持续使用意图的分数为 13.06（15 分的最大值）。研究结果表明，虚拟现实实践受到存在的显著影响，而存在则受到参与度和互动性的显著影响。持续使用意图受到参与度的显著影响；而参与度受到互动性的显著影响。然而，持续使用意图不受虚拟现实实践的显著影响。
研究结果支持机构老年人接受沉浸式三维虚拟现实程序。从虚拟现实实践和持续使用意图两个方面来看，接受程度受到不同路径的影响。研究结果对为机构老年人护理设计虚拟现实技术具有潜在影响。
研究解决了什么问题？关于沉浸式 3D 虚拟现实程序在老年人中的接受程度存在争议。主要发现是什么？互动性提高了存在感，从而增加了虚拟现实实践的频率。互动性增强了参与感，从而增加了持续使用的意愿。该研究将对哪些人和在何处产生影响？沉浸式 3D 虚拟现实程序适合老年人，甚至适合初次使用者或 80 岁以上的老年人。研究结果为为老年人开发沉浸式 3D 虚拟现实程序提供了新的见解。
