Dutton E, Cripps P, Helps S A F, Harris J, Dukes-McEwan J
Cheshire Cardiology, The Beeches, Cheshire, WA16 8NE, UK.
Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Chester High Road, Neston, Cheshire, CH64 7TE, UK.
J Vet Cardiol. 2022 Apr;40:142-155. doi: 10.1016/j.jvc.2021.04.001. Epub 2021 Apr 28.
Sighthounds have high echocardiographic (ECHO) left ventricular volumes. Establishing robust breed-specific ECHO reference intervals (RI) for screening is important. End-diastolic volume index (EDVI), end-systolic volume index (ESVI) and ejection fraction (EF) reference ranges derived by Simpson's method of discs are not available for deerhounds. The influence of sex or body weight (BW) on left ventricular diameter during diastole (LVDd) and systole (LVDs) has never been reported.
Prospectively determine ECHO RI and assess prevalence of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) in healthy UK deerhounds.
Ninety-nine deerhounds.
Deerhounds scored on ECHO and ECG variables then classified as normal (NORM), equivocal (EQUIV) or affected (AFF) with DCM. Fifty-nine NORM deerhounds used to determine ECHO RI.
Prevalence of DCM was 21.6%. There were significant differences in BW (P<0.001), LVDd (P<0.001) and LVDs (P<0.05) between female and male deerhounds. Cut-off values for EDVI (≥140.2 mL/m: 79% sensitivity/97% specificity), ESVI (≥71.9 mL/m: 94.7% sensitivity/94.2% specificity) and EF (≤42.1%: 84.2% sensitivity/92.8% specificity) were proposed to help diagnose DCM. The most reliable ECHO variables to identify AFF dogs were LVDs indexed to BW by allometric scaling and ESVI; one of the least reliable was sphericity index. Ventricular arrhythmias (VA) were identified in 13.6% of the population, with the highest prevalence in AFF deerhounds (42%).
Preclinical DCM in deerhounds is common and VA may be associated with DCM. Healthy deerhounds have higher LVDd, LVDs and EDVI compared with other breeds. This study provides ECHO RIs for deerhounds; sex or BW RIs should be used when screening.
视觉猎犬的超声心动图（ECHO）左心室容积较高。建立可靠的特定品种ECHO参考区间（RI）用于筛查很重要。通过辛普森圆盘法得出的舒张末期容积指数（EDVI）、收缩末期容积指数（ESVI）和射血分数（EF）参考范围在猎鹿犬中尚无可用数据。性别或体重（BW）对舒张期（LVDd）和收缩期（LVDs）左心室直径的影响从未有过报道。
前瞻性地确定英国健康猎鹿犬的ECHO RI并评估扩张型心肌病（DCM）的患病率。
99只猎鹿犬。
对猎鹿犬进行ECHO和心电图变量评分，然后分为正常（NORM）、疑似（EQUIV）或患有DCM（AFF）。59只正常猎鹿犬用于确定ECHO RI。
DCM的患病率为21.6%。雌性和雄性猎鹿犬在体重（P<0.001）、LVDd（P<0.001）和LVDs（P<0.05）方面存在显著差异。提出了EDVI（≥140.2 mL/m：敏感性79%/特异性97%）、ESVI（≥71.9 mL/m：敏感性94.7%/特异性94.2%）和EF（≤42.1%：敏感性84.2%/特异性92.8%）的临界值以帮助诊断DCM。识别患病犬最可靠的ECHO变量是通过异速生长比例调整的与体重相关的LVDs和ESVI；最不可靠的变量之一是球形指数。在13.6%的犬中发现了室性心律失常（VA），在患病猎鹿犬中患病率最高（42%）。
猎鹿犬的临床前期DCM很常见，VA可能与DCM有关。与其他品种相比，健康猎鹿犬的LVDd、LVDs和EDVI更高。本研究为猎鹿犬提供了ECHO RI；筛查时应使用性别或体重RI。
