Division of Prevention, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan.
Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am. 2021 Jul;31(3):441-449. doi: 10.1016/j.giec.2021.03.002.
Despite its generally decreasing trend in incidence, gastric cancer remains the fifth-most common cancer worldwide. Gastric cancer has substantially declined over the past century, thanks to decreases in risk factors such as Helicobacter pylori infection, tobacco smoking, and salt-preserved food intake. These decreases have resulted from natural interventions and population-based intervention strategies. H pylori eradication for infected patients has potential as a prevention strategy for those at high risk, but warrants a longer follow-up period. The ongoing increase in obesity prevalence may cause an increase in cardia gastric cancer, especially in Western populations, and should be carefully monitored.
尽管胃癌的发病率总体呈下降趋势，但它仍是全球第五大最常见的癌症。由于幽门螺杆菌感染、吸烟和食用盐腌食品等危险因素的减少，胃癌在过去一个世纪中大幅下降。这些减少是自然干预和基于人群的干预策略的结果。对于感染患者，消除 H pylori 具有针对高危人群的潜在预防策略，但需要更长的随访期。肥胖患病率的持续增加可能导致贲门胃癌的增加，尤其是在西方人群中，应密切监测。
