Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
Centre of Healthy Ageing and Wellness, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
J Health Popul Nutr. 2021 May 31;40(Suppl 1):10. doi: 10.1186/s41043-021-00232-3.
Monitoring sodium intake through 24-h urine collection sample is recommended, but the implementation of this method can be difficult. The objective of this study was to develop and validate an equation using spot urine concentration to predict 24-h sodium excretion in the Malaysian population.
This was a Malaysian Community Salt Study (MyCoSS) sub-study, which was conducted from October 2017 to March 2018. Out of 798 participants in the MyCoSS study who completed 24-h urine collection, 768 of them have collected one-time spot urine the following morning. They were randomly assigned into two groups to form separate spot urine equations. The final spot urine equation was derived from the entire data set after confirming the stability of the equation by double cross-validation in both study groups. Newly derived spot urine equation was developed using the coefficients from the multiple linear regression test. A Bland-Altman plot was used to measure the mean bias and limits of agreement between estimated and measured 24-h urine sodium. The estimation of sodium intake using the new equation was compared with other established equations, namely Tanaka and INTERSALT.
The new equation showed the least mean bias between measured and predicted sodium, - 0.35 (- 72.26, 71.56) mg/day compared to Tanaka, 629.83 (532.19, 727.47) mg/day and INTERSALT, and 360.82 (284.34, 437.29) mg/day. Predicted sodium measured from the new equation showed greater correlation with measured sodium (r = 0.50) compared to Tanaka (r =0.24) and INTERSALT (r = 0.44), P < 0.05.
Our newly developed equation from spot urine can predict least mean bias of sodium intake among the Malaysian population when 24-h urine sodium collection is not feasible.
建议通过 24 小时尿液收集样本监测钠摄入量，但这种方法的实施可能存在困难。本研究的目的是开发和验证一种使用单次尿浓度预测马来西亚人群 24 小时钠排泄量的方程。
这是马来西亚社区盐研究（MyCoSS）的子研究，于 2017 年 10 月至 2018 年 3 月进行。在完成 24 小时尿液收集的 MyCoSS 研究的 798 名参与者中，有 768 名参与者在第二天早上收集了一次性的单次尿液。他们被随机分配到两个组中，以分别形成单独的单次尿液方程。在通过两组的双重交叉验证确认方程的稳定性后，从整个数据集得出最终的单次尿液方程。新的单次尿液方程是使用多元线性回归检验的系数开发的。Bland-Altman 图用于测量估计的 24 小时尿液钠与测量值之间的平均偏差和一致性限。使用新方程估计的钠摄入量与其他已建立的方程，即 Tanaka 和 INTERSALT 进行了比较。
与 Tanaka（629.83 [532.19，727.47]mg/天）和 INTERSALT（360.82 [284.34，437.29]mg/天）相比，新方程显示出测量值与预测值之间的钠平均偏差最小，为-0.35（-72.26，71.56）mg/天。与 Tanaka（r=0.24）和 INTERSALT（r=0.44）相比，从新方程测量的预测钠与测量钠之间显示出更大的相关性（r=0.50），P<0.05。
当无法进行 24 小时尿钠收集时，我们从单次尿中开发的新方程可以预测马来西亚人群中钠摄入量的最小平均偏差。
