Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
Department of Comparative Biological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
Vet Anaesth Analg. 2021 Jul;48(4):603-611. doi: 10.1016/j.vaa.2021.04.002. Epub 2021 May 5.
To develop an ultrasound-guided cervical perineural injection technique for horses and to evaluate and compare the distribution of contrast agent among perineural, intra-articular and periarticular injections.
Prospective, experimental cadaveric study.
A total of 14 equine cadaveric necks.
Bilateral ultrasound-guided perineural injection technique for the caudal cervical spinal nerve roots (CSNRs 5-7) was developed. Paramagnetic or iodinated contrast was injected and the distribution of contrast was evaluated using magnetic resonance (MR) or computed tomography (CT) imaging, respectively. The presence of contrast in the CSNR region was determined by an observer unaware of the technique used for each injection performed. The ability of the perineural injection technique to distribute contrast agent to the CSNR region was compared with intra-articular and periarticular injection techniques.
Perineural injection delivered contrast agent to the CSNR region 100% of the time and was significantly different when compared with intra-articular injection (p = 0.008). There was no difference in ability to deliver contrast agent to the CSNR region between the perineural and periarticular injection techniques or between the intra-articular and periarticular injection techniques.
The ultrasound-guided perineural injection technique developed in this study accurately delivered contrast agent to the CSNR region in equine cadavers. This technique could potentially be used for the diagnosis and treatment of cervical pain in horses, particularly in cases where intra-articular cervical articular process joint injections have not been beneficial. Further studies are necessary to assess the effectiveness of the ultrasound-guided perineural injection technique in live horses.
为马开发一种超声引导下的颈椎神经周围注射技术，并评估和比较神经周围、关节内和关节周围注射的对比剂分布。
前瞻性、实验性尸体研究。
共 14 个马尸体颈部。
双侧超声引导下的尾侧颈椎神经根（CSNRs 5-7）的神经周围注射技术。分别使用顺磁或碘对比剂进行注射，并使用磁共振（MR）或计算机断层扫描（CT）成像评估对比剂的分布。通过一位对注射技术不知情的观察者来确定 CSNR 区域是否存在对比剂。比较神经周围注射技术与关节内和关节周围注射技术将对比剂分布到 CSNR 区域的能力。
神经周围注射技术 100%将对比剂输送到 CSNR 区域，与关节内注射技术相比具有显著差异（p = 0.008）。神经周围和关节周围注射技术或关节内和关节周围注射技术之间，将对比剂输送到 CSNR 区域的能力没有差异。
本研究中开发的超声引导下的神经周围注射技术能够准确地将对比剂输送到马尸体的 CSNR 区域。该技术可用于诊断和治疗马的颈椎疼痛，特别是在关节内颈椎关节突关节注射无效的情况下。有必要进一步研究评估超声引导下的神经周围注射技术在活体马中的有效性。
