Rebolledo Daniela L, Acuña María José, Brandan Enrique
Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración, CARE Chile UC, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile.
Centro de Excelencia en Biomedicina de Magallanes (CEBIMA), Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas 6213515, Chile.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 May 15;22(10):5234. doi: 10.3390/ijms22105234.
The Cellular Communication Network (CCN) family of matricellular proteins comprises six proteins that share conserved structural features and play numerous biological roles. These proteins can interact with several receptors or soluble proteins, regulating cell signaling pathways in various tissues under physiological and pathological conditions. In the skeletal muscle of mammals, most of the six CCN family members are expressed during embryonic development or in adulthood. Their roles during the adult stage are related to the regulation of muscle mass and regeneration, maintaining vascularization, and the modulation of skeletal muscle fibrosis. This work reviews the CCNs proteins' role in skeletal muscle physiology and disease, focusing on skeletal muscle fibrosis and its regulation by Connective Tissue Growth factor (CCN2/CTGF). Furthermore, we review evidence on the modulation of fibrosis and CCN2/CTGF by the renin-angiotensin system and the kallikrein-kinin system of vasoactive peptides.
细胞外基质细胞通讯网络（CCN）家族的基质细胞蛋白由六种蛋白质组成，它们具有保守的结构特征，并发挥着多种生物学作用。这些蛋白质可以与多种受体或可溶性蛋白质相互作用，在生理和病理条件下调节各种组织中的细胞信号通路。在哺乳动物的骨骼肌中，CCN家族的六个成员中的大多数在胚胎发育期间或成年期表达。它们在成年阶段的作用与肌肉质量和再生的调节、维持血管形成以及骨骼肌纤维化的调节有关。这项工作综述了CCN蛋白在骨骼肌生理和疾病中的作用，重点关注骨骼肌纤维化及其由结缔组织生长因子（CCN2/CTGF）的调节。此外，我们综述了肾素-血管紧张素系统和血管活性肽的激肽释放酶-激肽系统对纤维化和CCN2/CTGF调节的证据。
