Department of Public Health, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka St. 4, 60-806 Poznań, Poland.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2021 Jan 23;57(2):100. doi: 10.3390/medicina57020100.
Insulin resistance refers to the diminished response of peripheral tissues to insulin and is considered the major risk factor for type 2 diabetes. Although many possible mechanisms have been reported to develop insulin resistance, the exact underlying processes remain unclear. In recent years, the role of adipose tissue as a highly active metabolic and endocrine organ, producing proteins called adipokines and their multidirectional activities has gained interest. The physiological effects of adipokines include energy homeostasis and insulin sensitivity regulation. In addition, an excess of adipose tissue is followed by proinflammatory state which results in dysregulation of secreted cytokines contributing to insulin resistance. Wingless-type (Wnt) inducible signalling pathway protein-1 (WISP-1), also known as CCN4, has recently been described as a novel adipokine, whose circulating levels are elevated in obese and insulin resistant individuals. Growing evidence suggests that WISP-1 may participate in the impaired glucose homeostasis. In this review, we characterize WISP-1 and summarize the latest reports on the role of WISP-1 in obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.
胰岛素抵抗是指外周组织对胰岛素的反应减弱，被认为是 2 型糖尿病的主要危险因素。尽管已经报道了许多可能的机制来发展胰岛素抵抗，但确切的潜在过程仍不清楚。近年来，脂肪组织作为一个高度活跃的代谢和内分泌器官的作用，产生称为脂肪因子的蛋白质及其多向活性引起了人们的兴趣。脂肪因子的生理作用包括能量稳态和胰岛素敏感性调节。此外，脂肪组织过多会导致促炎状态，导致分泌细胞因子失调，从而导致胰岛素抵抗。Wnt 诱导信号通路蛋白-1（WISP-1），也称为 CCN4，最近被描述为一种新型脂肪因子，其循环水平在肥胖和胰岛素抵抗个体中升高。越来越多的证据表明，WISP-1 可能参与葡萄糖稳态的受损。在这篇综述中，我们描述了 WISP-1 并总结了 WISP-1 在肥胖、胰岛素抵抗和 2 型糖尿病中的作用的最新报告。
