Division of Sports Science, Baekseok University, Cheonan-si 31065, Korea.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 May 20;18(10):5471. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18105471.
The Korean Baseball Organization (KBO) League is a sports culture that Koreans love and enjoy most. However, the launch of the KBO League is related to political issues in Korea. The purpose of this study is to explain the launch history of the KBO league through a sociopolitical approach. The history of the KBO league was explained by applying a complex paradigm that explains sociocultural phenomena from a new perspective. This study used historical analysis, a qualitative study approach. Literature related to Korean professional baseball, complex system theory, sports, and politics were reviewed. This study introduces the characteristics and theory of the complex system paradigm and analyzes the history of the KBO League based on this theory. The edge of chaos, bifurcation point, positive feedback, emergence of the theory of complex system are used as elements of an overall theoretical framework to analyze the history and development of the KBO league. The study results are explained in four frameworks. First, the KBO was launched on the edge of chaos, or in the midst of social chaos provoked by Chun Doo-Hwan, who seized power through a military coup. Second, the Chun Doo-Hwan regime launched the professional baseball league to divert the public's attention from politics to sports and provided support to construct baseball fields as venues for the national pastime. The Chun Doo-Hwan regime's appeasement policy became a bifurcation point, which promoted the launch of the professional baseball league. Third, from the viewpoint of the complex system paradigm, the launch of the Korean baseball league was enabled by the positive feedback of the Korea professional baseball promotion committee, established in 1975 under the initiative of Korean American businessman Hong Yoon-Hee. Fourth, the Korean professional baseball league led to the emergence of the consumption culture of professional sports, and it became a national leisure and a crucial part of Korea's sports culture. In terms of sociopolitical, the KBO League started in the dark of Korean society, but it is becoming a vitality for Korean sports culture and health.
韩国职业棒球组织（KBO）联盟是韩国人最喜爱和享受的体育文化之一。然而，KBO 联盟的成立与韩国的政治问题有关。本研究旨在通过社会政治方法解释 KBO 联盟的成立历史。通过从新视角解释社会文化现象的复杂范式来解释 KBO 联盟的历史。本研究采用历史分析，一种定性研究方法。回顾了与韩国职业棒球、复杂系统理论、体育和政治相关的文献。本研究介绍了复杂系统范式的特点和理论，并基于该理论分析了 KBO 联盟的历史。使用混沌边缘、分岔点、正反馈等复杂系统理论的出现作为整体理论框架的要素，分析了 KBO 联盟的历史和发展。研究结果在四个框架中进行了解释。首先，KBO 是在全斗焕通过军事政变夺权引发的社会混乱的混沌边缘或混乱之中成立的。其次，全斗焕政权发起职业棒球联盟，将公众的注意力从政治转移到体育上，并提供支持来建造棒球场作为国民娱乐的场所。全斗焕政权的绥靖政策成为了一个分岔点，促进了职业棒球联盟的成立。第三，从复杂系统范式的角度来看，韩国职业棒球联盟的成立得益于韩国职业棒球促进委员会的正反馈，该委员会于 1975 年在美籍韩裔商人洪允熙的倡议下成立。第四，韩国职业棒球联盟催生了职业体育的消费文化，成为了韩国休闲文化的重要组成部分和韩国体育文化的关键部分。从社会政治角度来看，KBO 联盟在韩国社会的黑暗中起步，但它正在成为韩国体育文化的活力源泉和健康保障。
