Wysiadecki Grzegorz, Radek Maciej, Tubbs R Shane, Iwanaga Joe, Walocha Jerzy, Brzeziński Piotr, Polguj Michał
Department of Normal and Clinical Anatomy, Chair of Anatomy and Histology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Żeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Łódź, Poland.
Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, University Hospital WAM-CSW, 90-549 Łódź, Poland.
Brain Sci. 2021 May 16;11(5):649. doi: 10.3390/brainsci11050649.
The present study aims to provide detailed observations on the cavernous segment of the abducens nerve (AN), emphasizing anatomical variations and the relationships between the nerve and the internal carotid plexus. A total of 60 sides underwent gross-anatomical study. Five specimens of the AN were stained using Sihler's method. An additional five specimens were subjected to histological examination. Four types of AN course were observed: a single nerve along its entire course, duplication of the nerve, division into separate rootlets at the point of contact with the cavernous part of the internal carotid artery (ICA), and early-branching before entering the orbit. Due to the relationships between the ICA and internal carotid plexus, the cavernous segment of the AN can be subdivided into a carotid portion located at the point of contact with the posterior vertical segment of the cavernous ICA and a prefissural portion. The carotid portion of the cavernous AN segment is a place of angulation, where the nerve always directly adheres to the ICA. The prefissural portion of the AN, in turn, is the primary site of fiber exchange between the internal carotid plexus and either the AN or the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus.
本研究旨在提供关于展神经（AN）海绵窦段的详细观察结果，重点关注解剖变异以及该神经与颈内动脉丛之间的关系。总共对60侧进行了大体解剖学研究。使用西勒氏法对5个展神经标本进行了染色。另外5个标本进行了组织学检查。观察到展神经走行的四种类型：全程为单一神经、神经重复、在与颈内动脉（ICA）海绵窦段接触点处分为单独的小根以及在进入眶之前早期分支。由于ICA与颈内动脉丛之间的关系，展神经的海绵窦段可细分为位于与海绵窦ICA后垂直段接触点处的颈动脉部分和裂前部分。海绵窦展神经段的颈动脉部分是一个成角部位，神经总是直接附着于ICA。展神经的裂前部分则是颈内动脉丛与展神经或海绵窦外侧壁之间纤维交换的主要部位。
