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斯卡迪葡萄群体中生化汁液属性和颜色相关性状的评估

Evaluation of Biochemical Juice Attributes and Color-Related Traits in Muscadine Grape Population.

作者信息

Campbell Jiovan, Sarkhosh Ali, Habibi Fariborz, Gajjar Pranavkumar, Ismail Ahmed, Tsolova Violeta, El-Sharkawy Islam

机构信息

Center for Viticulture and Small Fruit Research, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32308, USA.

Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.

出版信息

Foods. 2021 May 16;10(5):1101. doi: 10.3390/foods10051101.

DOI:10.3390/foods10051101
PMID:34065684
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8156615/
Abstract

Biochemical juice attributes and color-related traits of muscadine grape genotypes have been investigated. For this study, 90 muscadine genotypes, including 21 standard cultivars, 60 breeding lines, and 9 hybrids (VM), were evaluated. The biochemical properties of total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity, and TSS/Acid (T/A) ratio showed modest diversity among genotypes with a range of 10.3 °Brix, 2.1 mg tartaric acid/L, and 4.6, respectively. Nonetheless, the pH trait exhibited a tight range of 0.74 among the population with a minimum and maximum pH of 3.11 ± 0.12 and 3.85 ± 0.12. Color-related traits showed more deviation between individuals. Total anthocyanin content (TAC), luminosity index (L*), hue angle (°), and chroma index (C*) displayed a range of 398 µg/g DW, 33.2, 352.1, and 24, respectively. The hierarchical clustering map classified the population into two large groups of colored and non-colored grapes based on L* and °, suggesting the predominance of these two characters among the population. The colored berries genotypes clade was further divided into several sub-clades depending on C*, TAC, and TSS levels. The principal component analysis (PCA) separated the four-color characteristics into two groups with a negative correlation between them, L* and C* versus TAC and °. Further, PCA suggested the positive influence of acidity in enhancing the different nutraceutical components. Despite the nature of anthocyanins as a member of phenolic compounds, a lack of significant correlation between TAC and nutraceutical-related traits was detected. The dissimilatory matrix analysis highlighted the muscadine individuals C11-2-2, E16-9-1, O21-13-1, and Noble as particular genotypes among the population due to enhanced color characteristics.

摘要

已对圆叶葡萄基因型的生化汁液特性和颜色相关性状进行了研究。在本研究中，对90个圆叶葡萄基因型进行了评估，其中包括21个标准品种、60个育种系和9个杂交种（VM）。总可溶性固形物（TSS）、可滴定酸度和TSS/酸（T/A）比的生化特性在基因型之间表现出适度的差异，范围分别为10.3°Brix、2.1毫克酒石酸/升和4.6。尽管如此，pH值性状在群体中的范围很窄，为0.74，最低和最高pH值分别为3.11±0.12和3.85±0.12。颜色相关性状在个体之间表现出更大的差异。总花青素含量（TAC）、亮度指数（L*）、色调角（°）和色度指数（C*）的范围分别为398微克/克干重、33.2、352.1和24。层次聚类图根据L和°将群体分为有色和无色葡萄两大组，表明这两个性状在群体中占主导地位。有色浆果基因型分支根据C、TAC和TSS水平进一步分为几个子分支。主成分分析（PCA）将四种颜色特征分为两组，它们之间呈负相关，即L和C与TAC和°。此外，PCA表明酸度对增强不同营养成分有积极影响。尽管花青素是酚类化合物的一员，但未检测到TAC与营养相关性状之间存在显著相关性。异化矩阵分析突出了圆叶葡萄个体C11-2-2、E16-9-1、O21-13-1和诺布尔是群体中具有增强颜色特征的特殊基因型。

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