Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus of Cartuja, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
Center of Biomedical Research, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", University of Granada, Armilla, 18016 Granada, Spain.
Nutrients. 2021 May 12;13(5):1617. doi: 10.3390/nu13051617.
The combination of diet, lifestyle, and the exposure to food obesogens categorized into "microbiota disrupting chemicals" (MDC) could determine obesogenic-related dysbiosis and modify the microbiota diversity that impacts on individual health-disease balances, inducing altered pathogenesis phenotypes. Specific, complementary, and combined treatments are needed to face these altered microbial patterns and the specific misbalances triggered. In this sense, searching for next-generation beneficial microbes or next-generation probiotics (NGP) by microbiota culturing, and focusing on their demonstrated, extensive scope and well-defined functions could contribute to counteracting and repairing the effects of obesogens. Therefore, this review presents a perspective through compiling information and key strategies for directed searching and culturing of NGP that could be administered for obesity and endocrine-related dysbiosis by (i) observing the differential abundance of specific microbiota taxa in obesity-related patients and analyzing their functional roles, (ii) developing microbiota-directed strategies for culturing these taxa groups, and (iii) applying the successful compiled criteria from recent NGP clinical studies. New isolated or cultivable microorganisms from healthy gut microbiota specifically related to obesogens' neutralization effects might be used as an NGP single strain or in consortia, both presenting functions and the ability to palliate metabolic-related disorders. Identification of holistic approaches for searching and using potential NGP, key aspects, the bias, gaps, and proposals of solutions are also considered in this review.
饮食、生活方式和暴露于被归类为“破坏微生物群落化学物质”(MDC)的食物肥胖物的组合可能决定与肥胖相关的微生态失调,并改变影响个体健康-疾病平衡的微生物多样性,导致发病表型改变。需要特定的、互补的和联合的治疗方法来应对这些改变的微生物模式和触发的特定失衡。在这方面,通过微生物培养来寻找下一代有益微生物或下一代益生菌(NGP),并关注其已证明的广泛范围和明确的功能,可能有助于对抗和修复肥胖物的影响。因此,本综述通过编译信息和关键策略,为定向搜索和培养 NGP 提供了一个视角,这些 NGP 可用于肥胖和与内分泌相关的微生态失调的治疗,方法是:(i)观察肥胖相关患者中特定微生物类群的差异丰度,并分析其功能作用;(ii)开发针对这些类群的微生物定向培养策略;(iii)应用最近 NGP 临床研究中成功编译的标准。从健康肠道微生物群中分离或培养的与肥胖物中和作用特异性相关的新的分离或可培养微生物,可能被用作 NGP 单菌株或联合体,它们都具有功能和缓解代谢相关疾病的能力。本综述还考虑了用于搜索和使用潜在 NGP 的整体方法的鉴定、关键方面、偏见、差距和解决方案建议。