Medina Jefferson, Quizhpe Wilson, Déleg Jorge, Gonzalez Karina, Aguirre Zhofre, Aguirre Nikolay, Montaño Luis, Benítez Ángel
Maestría en Biología de la Conservación y Ecología Tropical, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, San Cayetano s/n, Loja 1101608, Ecuador.
Docente Investigador, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Estatal Amazónica Sede El Pangui, El Pangui 190401, Ecuador.
Life (Basel). 2021 May 12;11(5):434. doi: 10.3390/life11050434.
Neotropical montane forests are considered biodiversity hotspots, where epiphytic bryophytes are an important component of the diversity, biomass and functioning of these ecosystems. We evaluated the richness and composition of bryophytes in secondary successional forests and mixed plantations of . In each forest type, the presence and cover of epiphytic bryophytes was registered in 400 quadrats of 20 cm × 30 cm. We analyzed the effects of canopy openness, diameter at breast height (DBH) and forest type on bryophyte richness, using a generalized linear model (GLM), as well as the changes in species composition using multivariate analysis. Fifty-five bryophyte species were recorded, of which 42 species were in secondary forests and 40 were in mixed plantations. Bryophyte richness did not change at forest level; however, at tree level, richness was higher in the mixed plantation of compared to the secondary forests, due to the presence of species adapted to high light conditions. On the other hand, bryophyte communities were negatively affected by the more open canopy in the mixed plantation of , species adapted to more humid conditions being less abundant. We conclude that species with narrow microclimatic niches are threatened by deforestation, and plantations do not act as refuge for drought-sensitive forest species present in secondary forests.
新热带山地森林被视为生物多样性热点地区，其中附生苔藓植物是这些生态系统多样性、生物量和功能的重要组成部分。我们评估了次生演替森林和混合人工林中苔藓植物的丰富度和组成。在每种森林类型中，在400个20厘米×30厘米的样方中记录附生苔藓植物的存在和覆盖情况。我们使用广义线性模型（GLM）分析了林冠开阔度、胸径（DBH）和森林类型对苔藓植物丰富度的影响，并使用多变量分析分析了物种组成的变化。记录了55种苔藓植物，其中42种在次生林中，40种在混合人工林中。苔藓植物丰富度在森林层面没有变化；然而，在树木层面，由于存在适应高光条件的物种，混合人工林中的丰富度高于次生林。另一方面，混合人工林中更开阔的林冠对苔藓植物群落产生了负面影响，适应更潮湿条件的物种数量较少。我们得出结论，具有狭窄小气候生态位的物种受到森林砍伐的威胁，并且人工林不能为次生林中存在的对干旱敏感的森林物种提供庇护所。
