Pires Arona Figueroa, Marnotes Natalí Garcia, Rubio Olga Díaz, Garcia Angel Cobos, Pereira Carlos Dias
Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, College of Agriculture, Bencanta, 3045-601 Coimbra, Portugal.
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Bromatology, Faculty of Sciences of Lugo, Food Technology Area, University of Santiago de Compostela, E-27002 Lugo, Spain.
Foods. 2021 May 12;10(5):1067. doi: 10.3390/foods10051067.
The search for new food products that promote consumers health has always been of great interest. The dairy industry is perhaps the best example regarding the emergence of new products with claimed health benefits. Cheese whey (CW), the by-product resulting from cheese production, and second cheese whey (SCW), which is the by-product of whey cheese manufacture, have proven to contain potential ingredients for the development of food products with improved nutritional characteristics and other functionalities. Nowadays, due to their nutritional quality, whey products have gained a prominent position among healthy food products. However, for a long time, CW and SCW were usually treated as waste or as animal feed. Due to their high organic content, these by-products can cause serious environmental problems if discarded without appropriate treatment. Small and medium size dairy companies do not have the equipment and structure to process whey and second cheese whey. In these cases, generally, they are used for animal feed or discarded without an appropriate treatment, being the cause of several constraints. There are several studies regarding CW valorization and there is a wide range of whey products in the market. However, in the case of SCW, there remains a lack of studies regarding its nutritional and functional properties, as well as ways to reuse this by-product in order to create economic value and reduce environmental impacts associated to its disposal.
寻找促进消费者健康的新型食品一直备受关注。乳制品行业或许是新产品涌现且声称具有健康益处的最佳例证。奶酪乳清（CW）是奶酪生产产生的副产品，二次奶酪乳清（SCW）是乳清奶酪制造的副产品，已被证明含有开发具有改善营养特性和其他功能的食品的潜在成分。如今，由于其营养品质，乳清产品在健康食品中占据了显著地位。然而，长期以来，CW和SCW通常被当作废物或动物饲料处理。由于它们的高有机含量，如果未经适当处理就丢弃，这些副产品会导致严重的环境问题。中小型乳制品公司没有处理乳清和二次奶酪乳清的设备和设施。在这些情况下，它们通常被用作动物饲料或未经适当处理就被丢弃，从而造成了诸多限制。关于CW的增值利用已有多项研究，市场上也有各种各样的乳清产品。然而，就SCW而言，仍缺乏关于其营养和功能特性的研究，以及将这种副产品再利用以创造经济价值并减少与其处置相关的环境影响的方法。
