Trabucco Aurilio Marco, Mennini Francesco Saverio, Gazzillo Simone, Massini Laura, Bolcato Matteo, Feola Alessandro, Ferrari Cristiana, Coppeta Luca
Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy.
EEHTA-CEIS, DEF Department, Faculty of Economics, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy.
Vaccines (Basel). 2021 May 12;9(5):500. doi: 10.3390/vaccines9050500.
While the COVID-19 pandemic has spread globally, health systems are overwhelmed by both direct and indirect mortality from other treatable conditions. COVID-19 vaccination was crucial to preventing and eliminating the disease, so vaccine development for COVID-19 was fast-tracked worldwide. Despite the fact that vaccination is commonly recognized as the most effective approach, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), vaccine hesitancy is a global health issue.
We conducted a cross-sectional online survey of nurses in four different regions in Italy between 20 and 28 December 2020 to obtain data on the acceptance of the upcoming COVID-19 vaccination in order to plan specific interventions to increase the rate of vaccine coverage.
A total of 531 out of the 5000 nurses invited completed the online questionnaire. Most of the nurses enrolled in the study (73.4%) were female. Among the nurses, 91.5% intended to accept vaccination, whereas 2.3% were opposed and 6.2% were undecided. Female sex and confidence in vaccine efficacy represent the main predictors of vaccine intention among the study population using a logistic regression model, while other factors including vaccine safety concerns (side effects) were non-significant.
Despite the availability of a safe and effective vaccine, intention to be vaccinated was suboptimal among nurses in our sample. We also found a significant number of people undecided as to whether to accept the vaccine. Contrary to expectations, concerns about the safety of the vaccine were not found to affect the acceptance rate; nurses' perception of vaccine efficacy and female sex were the main influencing factors on attitudes toward vaccination in our sample. Since the success of the COVID-19 immunization plan depends on the uptake rate, these findings are of great interest for public health policies. Interventions aimed at increasing employee awareness of vaccination efficacy should be promoted among nurses in order to increase the number of vaccinated people.
在新冠疫情全球蔓延之际，卫生系统因其他可治疗疾病的直接和间接死亡人数而不堪重负。新冠疫苗接种对于预防和消除该疾病至关重要，因此全球范围内都在加速推进新冠疫苗的研发。尽管疫苗接种通常被认为是最有效的方法，但据世界卫生组织（WHO）称，疫苗犹豫是一个全球性的健康问题。
2020年12月20日至28日，我们对意大利四个不同地区的护士进行了一项横断面在线调查，以获取有关即将到来的新冠疫苗接种接受情况的数据，以便规划具体干预措施以提高疫苗接种覆盖率。
在邀请的5000名护士中，共有531人完成了在线问卷。参与研究的护士大多数（73.4%）为女性。在这些护士中，91.5%打算接种疫苗，而2.3%反对，6.2%尚未决定。使用逻辑回归模型分析，女性性别和对疫苗效力的信心是研究人群中疫苗接种意愿的主要预测因素，而包括对疫苗安全性担忧（副作用）在内的其他因素则无显著影响。
尽管有安全有效的疫苗，但我们样本中的护士接种意愿并不理想。我们还发现有相当数量的人尚未决定是否接受疫苗。与预期相反，未发现对疫苗安全性的担忧会影响接受率；护士对疫苗效力的认知和女性性别是我们样本中影响疫苗接种态度的主要因素。由于新冠免疫计划的成功取决于接种率，这些发现对公共卫生政策具有重要意义。应在护士中推广旨在提高员工对疫苗效力认识的干预措施，以增加接种人数。
