Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences at Narita, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita, Chiba 286-8686, Japan.
Department of Physical Therapy, Saitama Medical University Graduate School of Medicine, Moroyama, Saitama 350-0496, Japan.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 May 12;18(10):5130. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18105130.
Soft landing after jumping is associated with the prevention of lower extremity injuries during sports activities in terms of the energy absorption mechanisms. In this study, the contribution of lower extremity joints during soft landing was investigated. Subjects comprised 20 healthy females. Kinetics and kinematics data were obtained during drop vertical jumps using a three-dimensional motion analysis system. Negative mechanical work values in the lower extremity joints were calculated during landing. A multiple regression analysis was performed to determine which lower extremity joints contributed more in achieving soft landing. The means of mechanical work of the hip, knee, and ankle in the sagittal plane were -0.30 ± 0.17, -0.62 ± 0.31, and -1.03 ± 0.22 J/kg, respectively. Results showed that negative mechanical work in the hip and knee is effective in achieving soft landing. These findings indicate that energy absorption in the hip and knee joints might be an important factor in achieving soft landing, whereas that in the ankle has a negative effect. Therefore, when improving soft landing techniques, we should consider energy absorption in the hip and knee via eccentric activation of the hip and knee extensors during landing.
软着陆后跳跃与预防下肢受伤在体育活动方面的能量吸收机制。在这项研究中，调查了在软着陆过程中下肢关节的贡献。研究对象包括 20 名健康女性。使用三维运动分析系统获得垂直跳跃下落过程中的动力学和运动学数据。在着陆过程中计算下肢关节的负机械功值。进行了多元回归分析，以确定哪些下肢关节在实现软着陆方面贡献更大。在矢状面中髋关节、膝关节和踝关节的机械功平均值分别为-0.30±0.17、-0.62±0.31 和-1.03±0.22 J/kg。结果表明，髋关节和膝关节的负机械功在实现软着陆方面是有效的。这些发现表明，髋关节和膝关节的能量吸收可能是实现软着陆的一个重要因素，而踝关节的能量吸收则产生负面影响。因此，在改善软着陆技术时，我们应该考虑通过着陆时髋关节和膝关节伸肌的离心激活来吸收髋关节和膝关节的能量。
