Stutz Sonja, De Clerck-Floate Rosemarie, Hinz Hariet L, McClay Alec, McConnachie Andrew J, Schaffner Urs
CABI, Rue des Grillons 1, CH-2800 Delémont, Switzerland.
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, 5403-1 Ave. S., Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada.
Insects. 2021 May 12;12(5):438. doi: 10.3390/insects12050438.
We evaluated the potential of the European root-feeding moth as a biological control agent for the invasive weed (oxeye daisy) in North America and Australia. The taxonomic proximity of the ornamental Shasta daisy () to and its popularity in North America made finding sufficiently host-specific biological control agents a challenge. No-choice tests conducted with 74 non-target species revealed partial or complete larval development on 11 species. In multiple-choice oviposition and larval development tests that were conducted in field cages, larvae were found on five of these, however in multiple-choice tests conducted under open-field conditions, larvae were only found on the ornamentals Shasta daisy and creeping daisy (). Larval feeding by had no measurable impact on Shasta daisy, but larval feeding and plant competition reduced the biomass and number of flower heads of . We conclude that is a suitable biological control agent because it will not affect the ornamental value of Shasta or creeping daisies and because it is unlikely to feed on any other economically important or native species. We also expect to contribute to the suppression of populations.
我们评估了欧洲食根蛾作为北美和澳大利亚入侵杂草（滨菊）生物防治剂的潜力。观赏植物沙斯塔雏菊与滨菊在分类学上相近，且在北美很受欢迎，这使得找到足够寄主专一的生物防治剂成为一项挑战。对74种非靶标物种进行的无选择试验表明，有11种物种上出现了部分或完全的幼虫发育。在田间笼子中进行的多选择产卵和幼虫发育试验中，在其中5种植物上发现了幼虫，然而在开阔田间条件下进行的多选择试验中，仅在观赏植物沙斯塔雏菊和匍匐雏菊上发现了幼虫。欧洲食根蛾的幼虫取食对沙斯塔雏菊没有可测量的影响，但幼虫取食和植物竞争减少了滨菊的生物量和花头数量。我们得出结论，欧洲食根蛾是一种合适的生物防治剂，因为它不会影响沙斯塔雏菊或匍匐雏菊的观赏价值，并且不太可能取食任何其他具有经济重要性的物种或本土物种。我们还预计欧洲食根蛾将有助于抑制滨菊种群数量。
