Pemberton Robert W
USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Aquatic Plant Research, 3205 College Avenue, Ft. Lauderdale, FL 33314, USA, USA.
Oecologia. 2000 Dec;125(4):489-494. doi: 10.1007/s004420000477. Epub 2000 Dec 1.
Data on field host use of 112 insects, 3 fungi, 1 mite, and 1 nematode established for biological control of weeds in Hawaii, the continental United States, and the Caribbean indicate that the risk to native flora can be judged reliably before introduction. Virtually all risk is borne by native plant species that are closely related to target weeds. Fifteen species of insects introduced for biological control use 41 native plant species; 36 of which are congeneric with target weeds, while 4 others belong to two closely allied genera. Only 1 of 117 established biological organisms uses a native plant unrelated to the target weed. Thus the elements of protection for the native flora are the selection of weed targets that have few or no native congeners and the introduction of biological control organisms with suitably narrow diets.
关于在夏威夷、美国大陆和加勒比地区用于杂草生物防治的112种昆虫、3种真菌、1种螨类和1种线虫的田间寄主利用数据表明，在引入之前可以可靠地判断对本地植物群的风险。几乎所有风险都由与目标杂草密切相关的本地植物物种承担。为生物防治引入的15种昆虫利用了41种本地植物物种；其中36种与目标杂草同属，另外4种属于两个近缘属。在117种已确定的生物防治生物中，只有1种利用与目标杂草无关的本地植物。因此，保护本地植物群的要素是选择很少或没有本地同属植物的杂草目标，以及引入食性适当狭窄的生物防治生物。
